Table 3.

Predicting math and reading at age 17: Standardized regression estimates, (S.E.) and P-values.

	Beta	(S.E.)	P
Math competence at 17
Behavior problems at 6	− 0.115	(0.033)	0.001
Behavior problems at 11	− 0.148	(0.031)	<0.001
Child’s IQ	0.513	(0.033)	< 0.001
Low birth weight	− 0.029	(0.026)	0.260
Male gender	0.034	(0.026)	0.199
Active/recreational	− 0.019	(0.029)	− 0.508
Cohesion	0.034	(0.027)	0.208
Conflict	0.017	(0.028)	0.542
Urban (vs. Suburban)	− 0.104	(0.033)	0.001
Maternal IQ	0.120	(0.037)	0.001
Maternal education	0.046	(0.031)	0.129
Single mother	− 0.029	(0.028)	0.291
Reading competence at 17
Behavior problems at 6	− 0.083	(0.037)	0.027
Behavior problems at 11	− 0.109	(0.034)	0.001
Child’s IQ	0.555	(0.032)	< 0.001
Low birth weight	0.020	(0.023)	0.395
Male gender	− 0.053	(0.023)	0.021
Active/recreational	− 0.028	(0.027)	0.292
Cohesion	0.025	(0.027)	0.367
Conflict	0.006	(0.026)	0.808
Urban (vs. Suburban)	− 0.060	(0.028)	0.033
Maternal IQ	0.174	(0.033)	< 0.001
Maternal education	0.060	(0.029)	0.038
Single mother	− 0.036	(0.027)	0.185
Behavior problems at 17
Behavior problems at 6	0.198	(0.071)	0.005
Behavior problems at 11	0.191	(0.077)	0.013
Child’s IQ	− 0.025	(0.055)	0.641
Low birth weight	0.028	(0.039)	0.481
Male gender	− 0.134	(0.037)	< 0.001
Active/recreation	− 0.023	(0.046)	0.613
Cohesion	− 0.038	(0.049)	0.443
Conflict	− 0.071	(0.041)	0.080
Urban (vs. Suburban)	− 0.036	(0.052)	0.487
Maternal IQ	− 0.093	(0.052)	0.076
Maternal education	0.000	(0.060)	0.999
Single mother	0.099	(0.053)	0.061
Behavior problems at 11 (intermediate variable)
Behavior problems at 6	0.296	(0.055)	< 0.001
Child’s IQ	− 0.140	(0.049)	0.004
Low birth weight	− 0.029	(0.040)	0.457
Male gender	0.067	(0.039)	0.091
Active/recreation	0.075	(0.041)	0.066
Cohesion	− 0.097	(0.050)	0.053
Conflict	− 0.044	(0.046)	0.341
Urban (vs. Suburban)	0.112	(0.048)	0.021
Maternal IQ	0.096	(0.056)	0.084
Maternal education	− 0.080	(0.048)	0.097
Single mother	0.046	(0.049)	0.346