Translation of the genomic vRNA correlates with viral capping efficiency. (A) Schematic diagram of the SINV nanoluciferase reporter used in this study. UTR, untranslated region. (B) BHK-21 cells were infected with either the parental wild-type strain or an individual SINV capping mutant nanoluciferase reporter strain. The level of nanoluciferase activity was quantified at the indicated times post-infection. (C) The nanoluciferase activity, as reported in panel B, normalized to wild-type expression at each individual time point to enable readers to identify differences in translation. All the quantitative data shown represent means of results from three independent biological replicates, with the error bars representing standard deviations of the means. Statistical significances, as indicated in the figure, were first determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc statistical analyses by Student's t test.