Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of bipolar patient and health control groups
| Variable | Patient Group (n = 318) |
Control Group (n = 160) |
X2 /t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39.2 ± 13.1 | 38.5 ± 11.3 | 0.532 | 0.595 |
| Male, n (%) | 150 (47.2) | 74 (46.3) | 0.006 | 0.807 |
| Education (years) | 11.8 ± 3.5 | 11.7 ± 3.9 | 0.481 | 0.631 |
| Married, n (%) | 175 (55.0) | 108 (67.5) | 6.852 | 0.009 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 86 (27.0) | 26 (16.3) | 6.913 | 0.009 |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.3 | 23.3 ± 2.6 | 4.955 | < 0.001 |
| Overweight, n (%) | 145 (45.6) | 48 (30.0) | 10.757 | 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 75.2 ± 8.4 | 73.8 ± 8.1 | 1.793 | 0.074 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 114.6 ± 11.1 | 113.5 ± 11.1 | 1.046 | 0.296 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 91 (28.6) | 29 (18.1) | 6.231 | 0.013 |
| WC (cm) | 87.5 ± 11.1 | 83.6 ± 8.9 | 3.844 | < 0.001 |
| Increased WC, n (%) | 186 (58.5) | 53 (33.8) | 26.062 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 3.331 | 0.001 |
| Low HDL-C, n (%) | 151 (47.5) | 50 (31.3) | 11.512 | 0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 6.526 | < 0.001 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%) | 118 (37.1) | 37 (23.1) | 9.497 | 0.002 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 2.660 | 0.008 |
| Hyperglycaemia, n (%) | 75 (23.6) | 22 (13.8) | 6.365 | 0.012 |
| MetS, n (%) | 135 (42.5) | 35 (21.9) | 19.669 | < 0.001 |
| UA (mmol/L) | 348.5 ± 91.8 | 300.2 ± 76.6 | 5.729 | < 0.001 |
| Hyperuricemia | 88 (27.7) | 19 (11.9) | 15.290 | < 0.001 |
Data were mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. BMI: body mass index; BP blood pressure, WC waist circumference, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, FBG fasting blood glucose, MetS metabolic syndrome, UA uric acid