Table 2.
Unadjusted Enrollment, Pre- and Post- Intervention Outcomes, Overall and by Randomization Group
| Enrollment Score μ (SD) | Pre-Intervention Score μ (SD) | Change in Scorea (p-value) | Post-Intervention Score μ (SD) | Change in Scoreb (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PCL-C) | |||||
| Overall | 66.7 (9.3) | 52.0 (14.3) | −14.6 (< 0.0001) | ||
| Delayed Entry | 69.2 (9.5) | 63.7 (10.2) | −5.6 (0.06) | 52.6 (15.4) | −11.1 (0.007) |
| Immediate Entry | 67.9 (8.8) | 51.8 (14.2) | −16.1 (< 0.0001) | ||
| Depression (BDI-II) | |||||
| Overall | 30.3 (8.4) | 21.6 (11.9) | −8.7 (< 0.0001) | ||
| Delayed Entry | 33.3 (11.4) | 29.4 (8.7) | −4.9 (0.02) | 21.2 (9.7) | −8.2 (0.0003) |
| Immediate Entry | 30.7 (8.4) | 21.7 (12.9) | −9.0 (0.004) | ||
| Social Functioning (UCLA Loneliness Scale) | |||||
| Overall | 56.1 (3.9) | 54.6 (3.8) | −1.5 (0.08) | ||
| Delayed Entry | 57.2 (3.0) | 56.7 (3.6) | 0.5 (0.66) | 54.8 (2.9) | −1.9 (0.29) |
| Immediate Entry | 55.8 (4.1) | 54.5 (4.1) | −1.3 (0.17) | ||
| Quality of Life (EuroQoL) | |||||
| Overall | 0.461 (0.28) | 0.56 (0.22) | 0.098 (0.03) | ||
| Delayed Entry | 0.206 (0.276) | 0.459 (0.30) | 0.254 (0.05) | 0.478 (0.26) | 0.018 (0.80) |
| Immediate Entry | 0.462 (0.28) | 0.596 (0.19) | 0.134 (0.02) | ||
| Cognitive Difficulties (CFQ) | |||||
| Overall | 60.0 (17.3) | 52.0 (19.9) | −8.0 (0.006) | ||
| Delayed Entry | 62.9 (15.6) | 57.8 (15.7) | −5.1 (0.05) | 54.3 (22.3) | −4.3 (0.37) |
| Immediate Entry | 60.7 (18.5) | 51.0 (19.1) | −9.7 (0.009) | ||
P-values forthcoming from comparison of means using two-sided paired t-tests. Differences at or below the threshold of p < 0.05 are marked in bold
aValues reflect change in score during wait period among veterans randomized to delayed entry (A1-X, Fig. 1)
b Values reflect change in score between pre- and post-intervention periods for each group, that is, (B-A) and (B1-A1) in Fig. 1 for immediate and delayed entry, respectively