Table 2. Demographic and clinical characteristics by country site.
| Jordan, N = 206 | KSA, N = 149 |
Lebanon, N = 133 | Qatar, N = 266 | UAE, N = 141 |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Age | 0.173 | |||||
| Mean; Std. Dev | 48.95 (13.95) | 50.04 (12.63) | 48.79 (14.27) | 48.75 (12.19) | 46.28 (13.32) | |
| Age at Diagnosis | 0.752 | |||||
| Mean; Std. Dev | 39.33 (13.37) | 38.72 (12.54) | 39.22 (13.99) | 39.22 (12.23) | 40.69 (12.98) | |
| Duration of Disease | <0.001* | |||||
| Mean; Std. Dev | 9.62 (8.46)e | 11.33 (8.28)e | 9.59 (9.75)e | 9.53 (7.99)e | 5.60 (7.29) | |
| Gender | 0.091 | |||||
| Male | 34 (16.5) | 18 (12.1) | 28 (21.1) | 41 (15.4) | 14 (9.9) | |
| Female | 172 (83.5) | 131 (87.9) | 105 (78.9) | 225 (84.6) | 127 (90.1) | |
| Marital Status | 0.004* | |||||
| Single | 22 (10.7)a,b | 14 (9.4) b | 30 (22.6)a | 28 (10.5) b | 18 (12.8) b | |
| Ever-married | 184 (89.3) | 135 (90.6) | 103 (77.4) | 238 (89.5) | 123 (87.2) | |
| Education | <0.001* | |||||
| No formal education/Primary | 50 (24.3) b | 58 (38.9)a | 17 (12.8) b | 60 (22.6) b | 60 (42.6)a | |
| Middle/Secondary School | 91 (44.2) a,b | 45 (30.2) b | 67 (50.4)a | 95 (35.7) b | 43 (30.5) b | |
| University | 65 (31.6)a | 46 (30.9) a | 49 (36.8) a | 111 (41.7) a | 38 (27.0) | |
| Cigarette Smoking Status | <0.001* | |||||
| Never Smoked | 151 (73.3)b | 132 (88.6)a | 78 (58.6)c | 226 (85.0) a | 130 (92.2) a | |
| Ever Smoked | 55 (26.7) | 17 (11.4) | 55 (41.4) | 40 (15.0) | 11 (7.8) | |
| Shisha Smoking Status | <0.001* | |||||
| Never Smoked | 179 (86.9)a,b | 138 (92.6)a | 101 (75.9)c | 249 (93.6) a | 128 (90.8) a | |
| Ever Smoked | 27 (13.1) | 11 (7.4) | 32 (24.1) | 17 (6.4) | 13 (9.2) | |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 0.092 | |||||
| No | 196 (95.1) | 140 (94) | 129 (97.7) | 256 (96.2) | 140 (99.3) | |
| Yes | 10 (4.9) | 9 (60) | 3 (2.3) | 10 (3.8) | 1 (0.7) | |
| History of Stroke/TIA | 0.128 | |||||
| No | 201 (97.6) | 144 (96.6) | 131 (99.2) | 263 (98.9) | 141 (100) | |
| Yes | 5 (2.4) | 5 (3.4) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 0.173 | |||||
| No | 202 (98.1) | 147 (98.7) | 125 (94.7) | 259 (97.4) | 141 (100) | |
| Yes | 4 (1.9) | 2 (1.3) | 7 (5.3) | 7 (2.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Diabetes Mellitus—Type II | <0.001* | |||||
| No | 182 (88.3)b | 111 (74.5)c | 120 (90.9)a,b | 225 (84.6)b,c | 137 (97.2)a | |
| Yes | 24 (11.7)e | 38 (25.5) | 12 (9.1) | 41 (15.4) | 4 (2.8) | |
| Ancestry | <0.001* | |||||
| Gulf | 43 (20.9)c | 130 (87.2)a | 1 (0.8)d | 123 (46.2)b | 76 (53.9)b | |
| Levant | 138 (67.0)b | 4 (2.7)d | 126 (94.7)a | 44 (16.5)c | 35 (24.8)c | |
| Africa | 24 (11.7)b | 4 (2.7)c | 2 (1.5)c | 83 (31.2)a | 27 (19.1)a,b | |
| Other | 1 (0.5)b | 11 (7.4)a | 4 (3.0)a,b | 16 (6.0)a | 3 (2.1)a,b | |
| Nationality | <0.001* | |||||
| Expats | 82 (39.8)a | 0 (0.0) | 15 (11.3) | 133 (50.0)a | 55 (39.0)a | |
| Nationals | 124 (60.2) | 149 (100.0) | 118 (88.7) | 133 (50.0) | 86 (61.0) |
*–p-value < 0.05
a,b,c,d,e–groups with similar letter are not statistically different; groups with different letter are statistically different.