Table 2. Overview of the identified studies.
| Study (Year) | Interventions | Country | Population | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgery compared to non-surgical initial treatment | ||||
| Anterior cruciate ligament injury | ||||
| Gottlob et al (1999) | ACL reconstruction with a patellar tendon autograft compared to rehabilitation, counselling and functional bracing. | The United States | Young adults in their late teens and 20’s, acute ACL tear. | [26] |
| Mather III et al (2013) | ACL reconstruction compared to structured rehabilitation plus optional delayed reconstruction. | The United States | General population age 12–45 years, ACL tear. | [27] |
| Mather III et al (2012) | Early ACL reconstruction compared to rehabilitation. | The United States | General population age 12–45 years, ACL tear. | [28] |
| Stewart et al (2016) | ACL reconstruction compared to physical therapy. | The United States | Competitive athletes, complete ACL tear. | [29] |
| Farshad et al (2011) | Surgical ACL reconstruction compared to conservative treatment. | Switzerland | General population, average age of 30–35 years, ACL rupture. | [30] |
| Kiadaliri et al (2016) | Structured rehabilitation plus early ACL reconstruction compared to structured rehabilitation plus optional delayed ACL reconstruction. | Sweden | Active adults, 18–35 years of age, acute ACL injury. | [31] |
| Bierbaum et al (2017) | DIS reconstruction compared to wait and see (muscular training plus delayed ACL reconstruction). | Germany | Patients with an isolated rupture of the ACL with or without meniscal injury. | [32] |
| Surgery compared to surgery management | ||||
| Cartilage defects | ||||
| Derrett et al (2005) | Autologous chondrocyte implantation compared to mosaicplasty. | United Kingdom | General population, 16+ years, chondral or osteochondral lesions of >1 cm diameter. | [33] |
| Elvidge et al (2016) | Characterised Chondrocyte implantation compared to microfracture. | United Kingdom | General population, aged 18–50, cartilage damage. | [34] |
| Gerlier et al (2010) | ChondroCelect cell therapy compared to microfracture. | Belgium | Adult patients, aged <50 years, symptomatic cartilage lesions of the femoral condyles. | [35] |
| Traumatic meniscus injury | ||||
| Rongen et al (2016) | Meniscus scaffold procedure compared to standard meniscectomy | The Netherlands | General population, mean age of 39 years, patients with an acute traumatic or degenerative irreparable medial meniscus injury. | [36] |
| Ramme et al (2016) | Meniscal allograft transplantation compared to partial meniscectomy. | The United States | Active athletic women, aged 25–30 years old with normal BMI, discoid lateral meniscus tears. | [37] |
| Anterior cruciate ligament | ||||
| Paxton et al (2010) | Single-bundle versus double-bundle autograft ACL reconstruction. | The United States | Young healthy person, ACL tear | [38] |
| Genuario et al (2012) | Bone–patellar tendon–bone autografts, quadrupled hamstring tendon autografts, and allografts compared with each other. | The United States | Subjects in a sports medicine clinic, ACL injury. | [39] |
| Exercise compared to usual care | ||||
| Patellofemoral pain syndrome | ||||
| Tan et al (2010) | Exercise therapy compared to ‘‘usual care”. | The Netherlands | Adolescents and young adults, age 14–40 years, PFPS. | [40] |
ACL: anterior cruciate ligament, BMI: body mass index, DIS: dynamic intraligamentary stabilization, PFPS: patellofemoral pain syndrome.