Table 4.
All | Females | Males | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | S.E. | β | S.E. | β | S.E. | |
Gender composition of migrant children | ||||||
Migrant sons only | −0.152 ** | 0.047 | −0.201 ** | 0.062 | −0.114 † | 0.059 |
Migrant daughters only | 0.138 † | 0.083 | 0.211 † | 0.121 | 0.071 | 0.102 |
Migration of both genders | −0.114 | 0.072 | −0.087 | 0.092 | −0.143 | 0.095 |
Age, centered | −0.023 *** | 0.003 | −0.022 *** | 0.004 | −0.025 *** | 0.004 |
Age, centered (squared) | 0 ** | 0 | 0.001 * | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Migrant sons only × age | −0.005 | 0.006 | −0.009 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 0.008 |
Migrant daughters only × age | 0.034 * | 0.015 | 0.04 * | 0.017 | 0.022 | 0.02 |
Migration of both genders × age | 0.022 † | 0.012 | 0.019 | 0.018 | 0.024 | 0.016 |
Returned | −0.09 | 0.056 | −0.084 | 0.077 | −0.092 | 0.072 |
Returned × age | −0.009 | 0.009 | −0.023 * | 0.011 | 0.005 | 0.013 |
Constant | 2.2 *** | 0.054 | 2.206 *** | 0.054 | 2.164 *** | 0.069 |
Random effects – variance components | ||||||
Level 1: Within-person | 0.467 *** | 0.014 | 0.486 *** | 0.02 | 0.443 *** | 0.018 |
Level 2: In linear growth rate | 0 *** | 0 | 0 *** | 0 | 0 *** | 0 |
Level 2: In intercept | 0.079 *** | 0.013 | 0.075 *** | 0.016 | 0.075 *** | 0.017 |
Log pseudolikelihood | −4431 | −2328 | −2092 | |||
N | 3,983 | 2,067 | 1,916 |
Note: This model also controls for older adults’ educational attainment, living arrangement, health behaviors, resources, and location
p<.1,
p<.05,
p<.01,
p<.001, p<.001,
Reference is those who did not have migrant children.