The schematic graphic of the mechanism underlying chondrogenesis driven by PC nanofiber membranes. PC induced chondrogenic differentiation through several possible pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (dominant), Toll-like receptor, TNF, Jak-STAT, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis signaling and phagosome. Particularly, inhibition of the NF–kappa B signaling pathway to suppress inflammation is specific for PC induced chondrogenesis.