Table 1.

Caries status among 3- to 5-year-old children of different genders, ages and residences

Variables		Number of participants	Caries status			Dmft
			Prevalence (%)	χ 2	P	Mean ± SD	Z/H a	P
Gender	Boys	1488	48.86	0.093	0.395	2.30 ± 3.497	−0.305	0.760
	Girls	1392	49.43			2.36 ± 3.605
Age	3	952	37.29	97.132	0.000	1.42 ± 2.672	122.955	0.000
	4	978	50.31			2.41 ± 3.557
	5	950	59.79			3.15 ± 4.064
Residence	Urban	1428	42.37	51.866	0.000	1.79 ± 3.032	−8.156	0.000
	Rural	1452	55.79			2.86 ± 3.922
Total	–	2880	49.13	–	–	2.33 ± 3.549	–	–

^aData are non-normally distributed; non-parametric tests, including the Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis H test, were used