Table 1.
Profiles of the mother-newborn pairs in this study (n = 263)
| Variables | Mean ± SD or N (%) |
|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | |
| Age (years) | 27.3 ± 4.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 3.2 |
| Parity (n > 1) | 72 (27.4%) |
| Education status | |
| Middle school and below | 84 (31.9%) |
| High school | 62 (23.6%) |
| College and above | 117 (44.5%) |
| aEconomic status | |
| Below poverty line | 61 (23.2%) |
| Above poverty line | 202 (76.8%) |
| Eating grilled meat (yes) | 146 (55.5%) |
| Passive smoking (yes) | 151 (57.4%) |
| Heating type (self-provided) | 65 (24.7%) |
| Cooking during pregnancy (yes) | 117 (44.5%) |
| *Arterial traffic (< 35 m) | 150 (57.0%) |
| bUrinary phenol (μg/mL) | 3.7 (1.7, 8.7) |
| Newborn characteristics | |
| Gender (female) | 118 (44.9%) |
| Birth weight (BW) (g) | 3397.2 ± 429.8 |
| Birth length (BL) (cm) | 50.7 ± 1.9 |
| Birth head circumference (BHC) (cm) | 34.4 ± 1.4 |
| Gestational age (days) | 278.7 ± 7.6 |
| Ponderal index (PI) (g/cm3) | 2.6 ± 0.3 |
| Cephalization index (CI) (g/cm) | 102.7 ± 11.2 |
| bCord blood lead (ng/mL) | 24.7 (19.6, 31.2) |
Continual variable: Mean ± SD; Categorical variable: N and %
*Arterial traffic refers to the distance between the residence and the main roads
aThe national standard poverty line is 15,607 yuan/year in Taiyuan city; bMedian (P25, P75)