Table 1.
AD context | Major TREM2-AD related findings | Source | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Risk factors | ❖ Rare variants in TREM2 increase LOAD risk by 2- to 4- fold | AD patients | [104, 107–118] |
Amyloid pathology | ❖ Loss of functional TREM2 decreases microgliosis around plaques | 5xFAD mice APPPS1-21 mice |
[45, 75, 130, 132, 133] |
❖ Loss of functional TREM2 decreases plaque compaction | 5xFAD mice APPPS1-21 mice |
[75, 89, 90, 133] | |
Tau pathology | ❖ TREM2 deletion decreases tau-mediated neurodegeneration | PS19 mice | [152, 153] |
❖ TREM2 deletion (1) or haploinsuficiency (2) increase tau pathology | hTau mice (1) PS19 mice (2) |
[151] (1) [153] (2) |
|
ApoE | ❖ ApoE is a TREM2 ligand | in vitro | [76, 78, 79] |
❖ ApoE-induced switch from homeostatic to neurodegenerative microglia is TREM2-dependent | APPPS1-21 mice | [95] |