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. 2018 Sep 26;12(1):125–147. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13318

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© 2018 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Modular vectors designed for yeast. The yeast centromeric plasmids (YCps) harbour the autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) and centromeric sequences (CEN), which allows the vectors to behave as mini‐chromosomes. The Yeast Episomal plasmids (YEps) are endowed with the 2μ origin of replication and are similar to plasmids in bacteria. In the case of Yeast Integrative plasmids (Yips), homologous regions (labelled as HR1 and HR2) to the host chromosome allow the integration of the target region through homologous recombination events. In all vectors, the yeast selection marker (YSM) represents a gene that allows the selection of transformants harbouring the vectors. In all cases, specific regions for replication of the bacterial host (usually E. coli) and the region required for replication or integration in yeast are highlighted.