Table 3. Student Responses to Note Taking Survey Item Questions (n = 58).

Item statement		Mean (SD) Longhand	Mean (SD) Laptop	Mean (SD) All
1.	I was able to keep pace with note taking during the lecture.	4.56 (1.01)	4.40 (1.11)	4.42 (1.09)
2.	I was able to acquire at least a preliminary understanding of course materials while lecture was taking place.	5.33 (0.87)	4.83 (0.96)	4.91 (0.96)
3.	I found myself getting easily distracted during course lecture.	2.33 (1.23)	3.75 (1.30)	3.53 (1.38)**
4.	It was tempting to get onto social media, the Internet, and/or other applications during course lecture.	2.00 (1.00)	3.98 (1.38)	3.67 (1.50)**
5.	I attempted to process and understand the material presented in lecture while I took notes.	4.89 (0.93)	4.55 (0.95)	4.61 (0.95)
6.	I was able to be selective about the notes that I take in class during lecture.	4.56 (1.13)	4.29 (1.34)	4.33 (1.30)
7.	I tried to take as many notes as possible (the professor's words, verbatim) during lecture.	4.89 (1.54)	3.88 (1.62)	4.04 (1.64)
8.	I was able to visualize, create a mental picture, or think of examples during lecture that helped me process, or learn the material.	3.89 (1.27)	4.02 (1.21)	4.00 (1.21)
9.	I typically read through my notes and tried to understand material presented in class soon (e.g., within a couple days) after that class session.	3.89 (1.62)	3.64 (1.61)	3.68 (1.60)
10.	I was usually satisfied with the accuracy and completeness of the notes I had taken in class.	4.22 (1.30)	3.81 (1.39)	3.88 (1.38)
11.	I had difficulty making sense of the notes when I began to read over them, later.	2.78 (1.09)	2.45 (1.27)	2.50 (1.24)
12.	I was able to identify key concepts while I took notes during class.	4.67 (0.87)	4.17 (1.04)	4.25 (1.03)
13.	Studying my notes was an effective method of preparing for Block exams.	4.89 (1.27)	4.67 (1.27)	4.71 (1.26)
14.	Sometimes I got distracted by my classmates' keyboard typing or other activities they undertook on their computer during class.	2.67 (1.73)	2.73 (1.78)	2.72 (1.76)
15.	I was able to recall my notes and the lecture the first time I read through them.	4.11 (1.45)	3.75 (1.26)	3.81 (1.29)
16.	I have good English comprehension skills.	5.00 (0.87)	4.88 (1.91)	4.89 (1.14)
17.	It was tiresome to take notes for an entire 3-hour class lecture, even when there are breaks or other activities built in.	3.89 (1.87)	3.85 (1.53)	3.86 (1.59)
18.	Other students ask to look at my notes because they know my notes are of high quality.	3.46 (1.41)	2.32 (1.34)	2.50 (1.43)
19.	In general, seeing the color and total visualization from having the slides on my laptop/device assists me with learning.	3.11 (0.78)	4.50 (1.30)	4.27 (1.33)**
20.	In general, seeing the color and total visualization from having the slides on my laptop/device makes the lecture session more enjoyable.	3.25 (1.17)	4.57 (1.22)	4.37 (1.29)**
21.	When there were lectures by faculty other than Drs. [redacted], I preferred not to take handwritten notes and used a laptop, instead.	2.78 (1.86)	4.23 (1.86)	4.00 (1.92)**
22.	In general, my attention span limits how much I understand during the lecture presentation.	3.44 (1.51)	4.53 (1.32)	4.36 (1.39)*
23.	I find that I am most confident using my first language (if not English) and require time to translate some phrases and vocabulary.	2.76 (2.36)	2.89 (1.74)	2.88 (1.80)
24.	My grades are not a very good indication of my note taking skills.	2.89 (1.62)	3.66 (1.40)	3.54 (1.45)
25.	If I had to choose, I would prefer to share notes and study with others rather than rely solely on my own notes.	3.67 (1.41)	4.15 (1.63)	4.07 (1.60)

Response scale: 1 = Strongly Disagree; 2 = Disagree; 3 = Slightly disagree; 4 = Slightly agree; 5= Agree; 6 = Strongly Agree. *Significant at p < .05; **Significant at p < 0.01