Table 6.
Results from mediation analysis concerning the mediation relationship among EF, VSWM (CORSIT), VWM (DIGIT), and mental rotation after controlling for age and gender.
| Name | Path | Estimate | Standard error | t_ratio | p_value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediation Model 3.a: the Tower Test indicates EF | |||||
| a | CORSIT ← TOWERA | 0.300 | 0.086 | 3.489 | 0.000 |
| b | MRTT ← CORSIT | 0.477 | 0.143 | 3.332 | 0.000 |
| c | MRTT ← TOWERA | 0.181 | 0.150 | 1.209 | 0.226 |
| ag | CORSIT ← GENDER | 0.238 | 0.426 | 0.558 | 0.576 |
| aa | CORSIT ← AGE | -0.032 | 0.033 | -0.964 | 0.334 |
| cg | MRTT ← GENDER | 2.264 | 0.710 | 3.187 | 0.001 |
| ca | MRTT ← AGE | -0.086 | 0.055 | -1.537 | 0.124 |
| d | DIGIT ← TOWERA | 0.226 | 0.098 | 2.285 | 0.022 |
| da | DIGIT ← AGE | 0.040 | 0.038 | 1.036 | 0.299 |
| dg | DIGIT ← GENDER | 0.402 | 0.488 | 0.821 | 0.411 |
| e | MRTT ← DIGIT | 0.005 | 0.124 | 0.036 | 0.970 |
| s1 | TOWERA ↔ TOWERA | 4.572 | 0.540 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s2 | GENDER ↔ GENDER | 0.196 | 0.023 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s3 | AGE ↔ AGE | 31.703 | 3.749 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| cs4 | GENDER ↔ TOWERA | 0.185 | 0.080 | 2.292 | 0.021 |
| cs5 | AGE ↔ GENDER | 0.664 | 0.215 | 3.081 | 0.002 |
| cs6 | AGE ↔ TOWERA | 1.911 | 1.019 | 1.874 | 0.060 |
| s7 | CORSIT ↔ CORSIT | 4.599 | 0.543 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s8 | MRTT ↔ MRTT | 12.700 | 1.501 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s9 | DIGIT ↔ DIGIT | 6.045 | 0.714 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| cv10 | CORSIT ↔ DIGIT | 1.254 | 0.453 | 2.767 | 0.005 |
| a∗b | Mediation effect | 0.143 | 0.059 | 2.409 | 0.015 |
| d∗e | Mediation effect | 0.001 | 0.028 | 0.036 | 0.970 |
| Mediation Model 3.b: the Color-Interference Test Indicates EF | |||||
| a | CORSIT ← CITINSW | 0.123 | 0.080 | 1.526 | 0.126 |
| b | MRTT ← CORSIT | 0.531 | 0.140 | 3.798 | 0.000 |
| c | MRTT ←CITINSW | -0.015 | 0.131 | -0.119 | 0.904 |
| ag | CORSIT ← GENDER | 0.455 | 0.438 | 1.037 | 0.299 |
| aa | CORSIT ← AGE | -0.018 | 0.034 | -0.529 | 0.596 |
| cg | MRTT ← GENDER | 2.488 | 0.712 | 3.491 | 0.000 |
| ca | MRTT ← AGE | -0.072 | 0.055 | -1.295 | 0.195 |
| d | DIGIT ← CITINSW | 0.079 | 0.091 | 0.873 | 0.382 |
| da | DIGIT ← AGE | 0.052 | 0.038 | 1.340 | 0.180 |
| dg | DIGIT ← GENDER | 0.597 | 0.495 | 1.205 | 0.227 |
| e | MRTT ← DIGIT | 0.023 | 0.124 | 0.186 | 0.852 |
| s1 | CITINSW ↔ CITINSW | 5.289 | 0.625 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s2 | GENDER ↔ GENDER | 0.190 | 0.022 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s3 | AGE ↔ AGE | 31.088 | 3.676 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| cs4 | GENDER ↔ CITINSW | -0.009 | 0.083 | -0.109 | 0.912 |
| cs5 | AGE ↔ GENDER | 0.585 | 0.209 | 2.794 | 0.005 |
| cs6 | AGE ↔ CITINSW | -0.203 | 1.072 | -0.189 | 0.849 |
| s7 | CORSIT ↔ CORSIT | 4.947 | 0.585 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s8 | MRTT ↔ MRTT | 12.868 | 1.521 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| s9 | DIGIT ↔ DIGIT | 6.301 | 0.745 | 8.455 | 0.000 |
| cv10 | CORSIT ↔ DIGIT | 1.497 | 0.483 | 3.098 | 0.001 |
| a∗b | Mediation effect | 0.066 | 0.046 | 1.416 | 0.156 |
| d∗e | Mediation effect | 0.002 | 0.010 | 0.182 | 0.855 |