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. 2019 Jan;126(1):96–106. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.07.022

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Crown Copyright © Published by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. All rights reserved.

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Box-and-whisker plots showing adjusted mean vessel width and tortuosity by quintiles of cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk factors for venues and arterioles. Adjusted means (solid square symbols), 95% confidence intervals (CIs; error bars), regression lines (solid line), and associated 95% CIs (dashed lines) are from a multilevel model allowing for age, gender, and repeated-measure of vessel indices within each person. BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein.

Box-and-whisker plots showing adjusted mean vessel width and tortuosity by quintiles of cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk factors for venues and arterioles. Adjusted means (solid square symbols), 95% confidence intervals (CIs; error bars), regression lines (solid line), and associated 95% CIs (dashed lines) are from a multilevel model allowing for age, gender, and repeated-measure of vessel indices within each person. BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein.