Figure 1.
Sample preparation and stiffness characterization. (A) The preparation of the coculture samples and the control samples without CMFs. The orange arrows indicate measured locations during the dwell experiments. (B) Loading-velocity-dependent stiffness of PDMS 1:100, 1:40, and 1:20 substrates and the native heart tissues. (C) Loading-velocity-dependent stiffness of the CMFs seeded on PDMS 1:100, 1:40, and 1:20 substrates. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (∗, ∗∗, and # indicate statistically significant difference with p < 0.0001, p < 0.005, and p < 0.05, respectively); n = 3 with ∼390 data points for each sample condition. To see this figure in color, go online.