Figure 5.

FEA simulation models. (A) An illustration of the simulation model (top panel) and simulated beating force magnitude over the CM-CMF boundary distance (bottom panel) of CM-CMF coculture samples on soft, moderate, and stiff substrates. (B) An illustration of the simulation model (left) and beating force magnitude over time (right) of CMF when the cell-substrate adhesion is activated (blue curve) and not activated (red curve) at the cell-cell interface. FA, focal adhesion. To see this figure in color, go online.