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. 2018 Dec 21;8:18038. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36061-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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mecom functions upstream of tbx2b during DL segment formation (A) WISH (lateral view) of 28 ss WT and mecom deficient embryos for tbx2a or tbx2b (purple). (B) Quantification of tbx2a and tbx2b domain length. (C) WISH (lateral view) of 28 ss WT, tbx2a deficient, tbx2b deficient, and tbx2a/b deficient embryos for mecom (purple). (D) Quantification of mecom domain length. (E) WISH (lateral view) of 28 ss WT, mecom deficient, and mecom deficient injected with tbx2b capped mRNA (tbx2b cRNA rescue) for slc12a3 (purple). (A,C,E) Blue boxes demarcate domains of pronephros expression. Scale bar = 100 μm. (F) Quantification of DL length in WT, mecom deficient, and tbx2b cRNA rescue embryos. (G) Quantification of phenotype percentages for (F), categorized as WT, decreased, or other, where the latter include those developmentally delayed or too dysmorphic to measure. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; N.S. = not significant. (H) RA promotes proximal segment development while inhibiting distal segments. mecom promotes distal segment fates as well as expression of tbx2a/b, which in turn promotes expression of emx1. mecom may also promote emx1 through other targets than the tbx2 genes (not shown). Error bars represent standard error.