Table 1.
Clinical profile of patients with MUCH versus patients with controlled BP.
| Variable | Patients with MUCH (n = 66), No (%) | Patients with controlled HTN (n = 133), No (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, Male | 40 (60.6) | 54 (40.6) | 0.008 |
| Age, years (Mean ± SD) | 53.5 ± 9.3 | 53.8 ± 10.5 | 0.8 |
| Non-employed | 22 (33.3) | 63 (47.4) | 0.06 |
| Illiterate | 13 (19.7) | 37 (27.8) | 0.21 |
| Associated comorbidities | 44 (66.7) | 64 (48.1) | 0.013 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 29 (43.9) | 27 (20.3) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 11 (16.7) | 9 (6.8) | 0.029 |
| Known CKD | 8 (12.1) | 6 (4.5) | 0.048 |
| CAD | 6 (9.1) | 14 (10.5) | 0.8 |
| History of stroke | 4 (6.1) | 5 (3.8) | 0.5 |
| Heart Failure | 4 (6.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0.042 |
| Smokers | 30 (45.5) | 26 (19.5) | <0.001 |
| Family history of HTN | 56 (84.4) | 77 (57.9) | <0.001 |
| Family history of DM | 51 (77.3) | 49 (36.8) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal ECG | 27 (40.9) | 35 (26.3) | 0.04 |
| Abnormal fundus examination (n = 176) | 12 (19.7) | 13 (11.3) | 0.13 |
| TOD | 37 (56.1) | 38 (28.6) | <0.001 |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
| BMI | 32.2 ± 6,4 | 31.0 ± 7.0 | 0.2 |
| Obesity, Kg. no (%) | 37 (56.1) | 58 (43.6) | 0.2 |
| Waist circumference; cm | |||
| Male | 100.0 ± 8.9 | 98.7 ± 12.6 | 0.6 |
| Female | 103.3 ± 13.8 | 99.8 ± 14.9 | 0.3 |
| Office BP measurements | |||
| Supine SBP | 130.0 ± 6.9 | 128.5 ± 7.7 | 0.2 |
| Supine DBP | 80.9 ± 4.7 | 79.6 ± 5.4 | 0.1 |
| Standing SBP | 134.2 ± 8.4 | 129.8 ± 9.0 | 0.001 |
| Standing DBP | 85.1 ± 8.0 | 83.3 ± 7.1 | 0.1 |
| Supine heart rate | |||
| ABPM measurements | |||
| Daytime average SBP | 138.7 ± 9.5 | 121.0 ± 8.5 | <0.001 |
| Daytime average DBP | 83.7 ± 8.0 | 71.4 ± 7.1 | <0.001 |
| Nighttime average SBP | 130.6 ± 11.1 | 113.2 ± 10.0 | <0.001 |
| Nighttime average DBP | 77.1 ± 9.1 | 65.0 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| 24-hours average SBP | 135.8 ± 8.4 | 118.6 ± 7.5 | <0.001 |
| 24-hours average DBP | 81.6 ± 6.9 | 69.6 ± 6.4 | <0.001 |
| Dipping category | |||
| Extreme dipping | 2 (3.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0.3 |
| Normal dipping | 16 (24.2) | 42 (31.6) | 0.5 |
| No dipping | 34 (51.5) | 67 (50.4) | 0.9 |
| Reversed dipping | 14 (21.2) | 23 (17.3) | 0.5 |
BMI; Body mass index, BP; Blood pressure, CAD; Coronary artery disease, CKD; Chronic kidney disease, DBP; Diastolic blood pressure, DM; Diabetes mellitus, ECG; Electrocardiogram, HTN; Hypertension, MUCH; Masked uncontrolled hypertension, SBP; Systolic blood pressure, TOD; Target organ damage.
Significant p values are marked in bold.