Table 1.
Demographic, anthropometric and clinical characteristics.
| Demographic/clinical variable | Patients (Group I) (n = 100) |
Controls (Group II) (n = 50) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional risk factors |
Male 86 (57%) |
65 (65%) | 21 (42%) | 0.007 | |
| Age | 57.81 ± 8.18 | 44.82 ± 6.58 | <0.001 | ||
| Smoking | Non-smoker | 37 (37%) | 38 (76%) | <0.001 | |
| Smoker | 53 (53%) | 9 (18%) | |||
| Ex-smoker | 10 (10%) | 3 (6%) | |||
| HTN | 88 (88%) | 1 (2%) | <0.001 | ||
| DM | 67 (67%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 56 (56%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Body mass index | 35.98 ± 4.31 | 27.38 ± 2.03 | <0.001 | ||
| Waist circumference | 99.26 ± 10.08 | 81.8 ± 6.79 | <0.001 | ||
| Ejection fraction | 44.9 ± 8.59 | 64.4 ± 6.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Left ventricular mass index | 84.4 ± 29.0 | 80.9 ± 28.8 | 0.494 | ||
| Diastolic functions | Normal diastolic function | 3 (3%) | 50 (100%) | <0.001 | |
| Grade I DD | 37 (37%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Grade II DD | 36 (36%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Grade III DD | 20 (20%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Grade IV DD | 4 (4%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 | ||
| Epicardial fat thickness | 7.4 ± 1.3 | 4.12 ± 0.82 | <0.001 | ||
Bold values means either a variable or a significant P value.