Table 2.
AIC model selection results for the marginality scores of the K‐select for each axis and each study period in Sweden, (A) late‐winter: 1 March–30 April; and (B) spring: 1 May–30 June, with the variables Time (day/night), Species (gray wolf/brown bear), and reproductive status, that is, “Repro” (bear females with cubs, single bear females, adult bear males, subadult bears, and wolf)
| (A) Late‐winter period | (B) Spring period | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | K | AIC | Delta_AIC | AICWt | LL | Model | K | AIC | Delta_AIC | AICWt | LL |
| Axis 1 | Axis 1 | ||||||||||
| Time | 4 | 93.15 | 0 | 0.51 | −42.58 | Time × Repro | 12 | 82.06 | 0.00 | 0.92 | −29.03 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 93.60 | 0.45 | 0.41 | −40.80 | Species × Time | 6 | 87.38 | 5.32 | 0.06 | −37.69 |
| Null | 3 | 98.63 | 5.48 | 0.03 | −46.31 | Time | 4 | 90.08 | 8.02 | 0.02 | −41.04 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 99.16 | 6.01 | 0.03 | −37.58 | Repro | 7 | 101.12 | 19.06 | 0.00 | −43.56 |
| Species | 4 | 99.64 | 6.49 | 0.02 | −45.82 | Species | 4 | 109.19 | 27.13 | 0.00 | −50.60 |
| Repro | 7 | 102.17 | 9.02 | 0.01 | −44.08 | Null | 3 | 113.93 | 31.86 | 0.00 | −53.96 |
| Axis 2 | Axis 2 | ||||||||||
| Repro | 7 | 107.30 | 0 | 0.88 | −46.65 | Time | 4 | 33.45 | 0.00 | 0.49 | −12.73 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 111.23 | 3.93 | 0.12 | −43.62 | Species × Time | 6 | 34.46 | 1.01 | 0.29 | −11.23 |
| Time | 4 | 129.56 | 22.26 | 0 | −60.78 | Species | 4 | 36.30 | 2.84 | 0.12 | −14.15 |
| Species | 4 | 129.79 | 22.49 | 0 | −60.90 | Null | 3 | 37.30 | 3.84 | 0.07 | −15.65 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 129.99 | 22.69 | 0 | −58.99 | Repro | 7 | 39.23 | 5.77 | 0.03 | −12.61 |
| Null | 3 | 131.23 | 23.93 | 0 | −62.62 | Time × Repro | 12 | 42.97 | 9.51 | 0.00 | −9.48 |
| Axis 3 | Axis 3 | ||||||||||
| Repro | 7 | 60.14 | 0 | 0.67 | −23.07 | Time × Repro | 12 | 6.01 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 9.00 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 61.59 | 1.44 | 0.33 | −18.79 | Time | 4 | 6.43 | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.78 |
| Null | 3 | 80.49 | 20.35 | 0 | −37.25 | Species × Time | 6 | 8.30 | 2.29 | 0.13 | 1.85 |
| Time | 4 | 82.10 | 21.95 | 0 | −37.05 | Repro | 7 | 9.13 | 3.13 | 0.09 | 2.43 |
| Species | 4 | 82.26 | 22.11 | 0 | −37.13 | Null | 3 | 12.22 | 6.21 | 0.02 | −3.11 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 85.71 | 25.57 | 0 | −36.86 | Species | 4 | 13.72 | 7.71 | 0.01 | −2.86 |
| Axis 4 | Axis 4 | ||||||||||
| Repro | 7 | 106.48 | 0.00 | 0.38 | −46.24 | Time | 4 | −5.39 | 0.00 | 0.77 | 6.70 |
| Null | 3 | 106.77 | 0.29 | 0.33 | −50.38 | Species × Time | 6 | −2.97 | 2.42 | 0.23 | 7.49 |
| Time | 4 | 108.50 | 2.02 | 0.14 | −50.25 | Null | 3 | 5.82 | 11.21 | 0.00 | 0.09 |
| Species | 4 | 108.75 | 2.28 | 0.12 | −50.38 | Species | 4 | 6.21 | 11.60 | 0.00 | 0.89 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 112.48 | 6.00 | 0.02 | −50.24 | Time × Repro | 12 | 7.17 | 12.56 | 0.00 | 8.42 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 115.50 | 9.02 | 0.00 | −45.75 | Repro | 7 | 11.45 | 16.84 | 0.00 | 1.27 |
| Axis 5 | Axis 5 | ||||||||||
| Null | 3 | 55.88 | 0.00 | 0.46 | −24.94 | Repro | 7 | −67.54 | 0.00 | 0.50 | 40.77 |
| Species | 4 | 57.87 | 1.98 | 0.17 | −24.93 | Time | 4 | −66.25 | 1.29 | 0.26 | 37.13 |
| Time | 4 | 57.88 | 2.00 | 0.17 | −24.94 | Time × Repro | 12 | −65.29 | 2.25 | 0.16 | 44.64 |
| Repro | 7 | 57.92 | 2.03 | 0.17 | −21.96 | Species × Time | 6 | −62.30 | 5.24 | 0.04 | 37.15 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 61.56 | 5.67 | 0.03 | −24.78 | Null | 3 | −62.15 | 5.39 | 0.03 | 34.08 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 65.51 | 9.63 | 0.00 | −20.76 | Species | 4 | −60.20 | 7.34 | 0.01 | 34.10 |
| Axis 6 | Axis 6 | ||||||||||
| Repro | 7 | 1.04 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 6.48 | Null | 3 | −64.94 | 0 | 0.44 | 35.47 |
| Null | 3 | 1.27 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 2.37 | Time | 4 | −64.00 | 0.94 | 0.28 | 36.00 |
| Time | 4 | 2.14 | 1.10 | 0.16 | 2.93 | Species | 4 | −63.02 | 1.92 | 0.17 | 35.51 |
| Species × Time | 6 | 2.15 | 1.10 | 0.16 | 4.93 | Repro | 7 | −61.32 | 3.62 | 0.07 | 37.66 |
| Species | 4 | 2.87 | 1.83 | 0.11 | 2.56 | Species × Time | 6 | −60.13 | 4.81 | 0.04 | 36.06 |
| Time × Repro | 12 | 5.47 | 4.43 | 0.03 | 9.26 | Time × Repro | 12 | −52.94 | 11.99 | 0 | 38.47 |
Number of parameters (K), Akaike information criteria (AIC), ∆AIC, AIC weight (AICWt), and log likelihood (LL).