Figure 1.

Habitat fragmentation effects. Schematic of the four proposed classes of potentially independent change to habitat distributions and shape that are often referred to as either ‘fragmentation effects' or ‘edge effects’. From left to right, geometric effects include; (i) core habitat effects, changes in the average shortest distance to the boundary of the habitat across its total area and (ii) perimeter effects, changes to the perimeter of the habitat. Separation effects are split into two classes (i) division, changes in the total number of habitat patches, elsewhere referred to as ‘habitat fragmentation per se’ and (ii) isolation, separation of habitat patches in space.