Table 2.
Study excluded | MD (95% CI) | p value | Heterogeneity (I2) |
---|---|---|---|
DPP-4 inhibitors | |||
Ayaori et al. [31] | 1.253 (0.242 to 2.265) | p = 0.015 | 87.7%, p < 0.001 |
Baltzis et al. [32] | 0.866 (-0.205 to 1.936) | p = 0.113 | 88.6%, p < 0.001 |
Dell'Oro et al. [34] | 0.658 (-0.365 to 1.682) | p = 0.207 | 87.8%, p < 0.001 |
Ida et al. [52] | 0.897 (-0.151 to 1.945) | p = 0.095 | 88.5%, p < 0.001 |
Nakamura et al. [24] | 0.858 (-0.226 to 1.943) | p = 0.121 | 88.6%, p < 0.001 |
Kim et al. [37] | 0.962 (-0.066 to 1.990) | p = 0.067 | 88.3%, p < 0.001 |
Kitao et al. [38] | 0.948 (-0.115 to 2.011) | p = 0.080 | 87.1%, p < 0.001 |
Kubota et al. [53] | 0.832 (-0.329 to 1.993) | p = 0.160 | 88.6%, p < 0.001 |
Leung et al. [40] | 0.566 (-0.130 to 1.261) | p = 0.111 | 68.6%, p < 0.001 |
Li et al. [41] | 0.679 (-0.337 to 1.695) | p = 0.190 | 88.1%, p < 0.001 |
Nomoto et al. [42] | 0.917 (-0.153 to 1.986) | p = 0.093 | 88.2%, p < 0.001 |
Shigiyama et al. [44] | 0.813 (-0.262 to 1.888) | p = 0.138 | 88.6%, p < 0.001 |
Suzuki et al. [25] | 0.798 (-0.261 to 1.858) | p = 0.140 | 88.6%, p < 0.001 |
Maruhashi et al. [23] | 0.906 (-0.152 to 1.964) | p = 0.093 | 88.4%, p < 0.001 |
Widlansky et al. [47] | 0.899 (-0.161 to 1.960) | p = 0.097 | 88.5%, p < 0.001 |
GLP-1 RA | |||
Gurkan et al. [35] | 2.435 (-1.177 to 6.047) | p = 0.186 | 91.2%, p < 0.001 |
Hopkins et al. [51] | 3.275 (-0.132 to 6.682) | p = 0.060 | 89.2%, p < 0.001 |
Irace et al. [36] | 1.141 (-1.194 to 3.476) | p = 0.338 | 80.2%, p = 0.001 |
Lambadiari et al. [39] | 1.902 (-1.399 to 5.203) | p = 0.259 | 89.3%, p < 0.001 |
Nomoto et al. [42] | 3.155 (-0.376 to 6.687) | p = 0.080 | 88.1%, p < 0.001 |
DPP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; GLP-1 RA: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.