Table 1.
Literature-referenced tissue conductivities used in anisotropic head models. Values reported here are for tissue conductivity measured below 1 kHz. Averaged values were used if multiple tissue conductivity values below 1 kHz were found. Bone conductivity was calculated using the formula σ = (σcan·σcor)1/2 where σcan is cancellous and σcor is cortical tissue conductivity value. In isotropic models, white matter conductivity was assumed to be 0.3835 S/m.
| Tissue type | Conductivity values (S/m) | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Air | 0 | — |
| Blood | 6.7 × 10–1 | Geddes and Baker (1967) |
| Bone∗ | 1.09 × 10–2 | Akhtari et al. (2002) |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | 1.8 | Baumann et al. (1997) |
| Fat | 2.5 × 10–2 | Gabriel et al. (1996) |
| Gray matter | 1.0 × 10–1 | Gabriel et al. (1996) |
| Muscle | 1.6 × 10–1 | Geddes and Baker (1967) |
| Sclera, lens | 5.0 × 10–1 | Gabriel et al. (1996) |
| Skin | 4.3 × 10–1 | Holdefer et al. (2006) |
| White matter | 1.2 × 100 (long.) | Geddes and Baker (1967) |
| 1.2 × 10–1 (trans.) |