Table 2.
Factors associated with poor DFS after surgical resection for HCC according to univariate and multivariate analyses
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factors | No. of patients (%) | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | β Coefficient |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <65 | 298 (84.9) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥65 | 53 (15.1) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.101 | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 299 (85.2) | 1.0 | ||||
| Female | 52 (14.8) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) | 0.156 | |||
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||||
| <5 | 187 (53.3) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥5 | 164 (46.7) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | 0.002 | 1.7 (1.2, 2.1) | 0.004 | 0.38972 |
| AST level (U/L) | ||||||
| <45 | 252 (78.8) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥45 | 68 (21.2) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) | 0.069 | |||
| Total bilirubin level (mg/L) | ||||||
| <10.2 | 124 (39.4) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥10.2 | 191 (60.6) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.896 | |||
| Prothrombin time (s) | ||||||
| <12.2 | 220 (66.3) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥12.2 | 112 (33.7) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.845 | |||
| ALT level (U/L) | ||||||
| <26 | 116 (36.2) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥26 | 204 (63.7) | 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) | 0.005 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) | 0.015 | 0.39969 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | ||||||
| <39 | 98 (30.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥39 | 228 (69.9) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.020 | |||
| Globulin (g/dL) | ||||||
| <28 | 106 (33.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥28 | 214 (66.9) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.982 | |||
| PLT count (×109/L) | ||||||
| <180 | 233 (73.7) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥180 | 83 (26.3) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.968 | |||
| APRI | 0.3±0.6 | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) | 0.317 | |||
| WBC count (×109/L) | ||||||
| <5 | 133 (42.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥5 | 183 (57.9) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) | 0.017 | 1.3 (1.1, 1.9) | 0.037 | 0.38835 |
| APRI | ||||||
| <0.50 | 134 (38.2) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥0.50 | 217 (61.8) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.4) | 0.003 | 1.5 (1.2, 2.8) | 0.016 | 0.40788 |
| INR | ||||||
| <1.02 | 119 (37.3) | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥1.02 | 200 (62.7) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 0.441 | |||
| Operative blood loss (mL) | 3.2+3.0 | 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) | 0.082 | |||
| Liver cirrhosis | ||||||
| Absent | 50 (15.7) | 1.0 | ||||
| Present | 268 (84.3) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.4) | 0.114 | |||
| Tumor differentiation | ||||||
| Well | 235 (68.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| Poor | 110 (31.9) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.912 | |||
| No | 333 (94.9) | 1.0 | ||||
| Yes | 18 (5.1) | 1.5 (0.8, 2.6) | 0.205 | |||
| HBsAg | ||||||
| Negative | 60 (17.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| Positive | 290 (82.9) | 1.7 (1.0, 2.7) | 0.033 | |||
| Anti-HCV treatment | ||||||
| Negative | 345 (98.6) | 1.0 | ||||
| Positive | 5 (1.4) | 0.7 (0.2, 2.7 | ) 0.556 | |||
| Anti-HBV treatment | ||||||
| Negative | 60 (17.1) | 1.0 | ||||
| Positive | 290 (82.9) | 1.7 (1.0, 2.7) | 0.033 | |||
| CTP grade | ||||||
| A | 276 (78.6) | 1.0 | ||||
| B | 75 (21.4) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.2) | 0.308 | |||
| Ishak score | 0.8+1.4 | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.365 | |||
| Total inflow blood occlusion time | 7.7+7.9 | 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) | 0.005 | |||
| BCLC grade | ||||||
| 0 | 191 (54.4) | 1.0 | ||||
| A | 123 (35.0) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) | 0.007 | 1.5 (1.1, 2.3) | 0.012 | 0.31285 |
| B | 37 (10.5) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.1) | 0.002 | 2.2 (1.2, 4.3) | 0.013 | 0.28677 |
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; APRI, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CTP, Child Turcotte Pugh; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; INR, international normalized ratio; WBC, white blood cell.