Table 3.

Candidate genes associated with unfavorable prognosis in GBM.

Gene	Function	Role in GBM	Reference	Number of putative DRE sites	Sense/position in bpa	Sequence in Homo sapiens (core sequence underlined)
CACNA1H	Cav3.2; T-type Ca2+ channel; Ca2+ homeostasis	Over-expression associated with worse prognosis	Zhang et al., 2017	1	AS/-72	5′tccgcggtgaccgcgccg3′
KCNN4b	KCa3.1; voltage-independent potassium Ca2+-activated channel	Over-expression associated with worse prognosis, confers invasive phenotype.	Turner et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2016	4	S/-359 AS/-334 S/-166 AS/-94	5′ggtgtgtgtcacaaagtac3′ 5′ttgtgtgtgacaaagccca3′ 5′cctggccgtcaccactccc3′ 5′agcaggctgacgacctgca3′
KCNB1	Kv2.1; potassium voltage-gated channel; delayed rectifier potassium channel	Downregulated in gliomas. Correlated with malignant progression when associated with KCNN4 and KCNJ10	Wang et al., 2016	2	AS/-137 AS/-48	5′acggccgtgacgcgcgccc3′ 5′cgtcgagtgacagcggcct3′
KCNJ10	Kir4.1; potassium voltage-gated channel; ATP-dependent inwardly rectifier; potassium buffering in glial cells	Downregulated in gliomas, correlated with malignant progression when associated with KCNN4 and KCNB1		NF
PRKCG	Protein kinase Cγ; serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Ca2+ and diacylglycerol	Belong to a co-expression network genes that can serve as prognostic factors for GBM	Zhang et al., 2018	NF
PRKCB	Protein kinase Cβ; serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Ca2+ and diacylglycerol			1	AS/-168	5′gggcgagtgacagccccgg3′
CAMK2AC	Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα			3	AS/-192 S/-133 S/-129	5′tggatgctgacgaaggctc3′ 5′ggctcgtcagtcaaaccgg3′

^aPosition upstream from the ATG; S, sense; AS, anti-sense; ^bputative DRE sites in close proximity; ^ctwo putative DRE sites in tandem. NF, not found, in accordance with the criteria in proximal 5′ upstream sequence between the tata box and the start codon (see details in text).