Table 5.
Mean effect sizes grouped according to educational stage.
| Educational stage | k | Cohen's d | 95% CI | QB | df | pB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elementary school | 19 | 0.164 | 0.038–0.289 | 38.623 | 2 | 0.000 |
| Junior high school | 84 | 0.629 | 0.527–0.732 | |||
| Senior high school | 81 | 0.303 | 0.231–0.375 |
Some independent samples included both elementary school students and junior high school students, or junior high school students and senior high school students, but did not distinguish specific educational stage. These independent samples were not included in this analysis.