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. 2018 Dec 18;9:2928. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02928

Figure 2.

Figure 2

IL-4Rα expressing B cells are required to down-regulate hepatic pathology during chronic schistosomiasis. IL-4Rα−/lox, mb1creIL-4Rα−/lox, and IL-4Rα−/lox mice were infected with 30 S. mansoni cercariae and killed at 16 and 24 weeks post-infection. (A) Liver granuloma area was measured using a computerized morphometric analysis program (NIS elements by NIKON) by measuring 20–25 granulomas per mouse. (B) Serum IL-4 levels were detected by ELISA at both time points. (C,D) Detection of cytokine production by total MLN cells after in vitro restimulation with α-CD3 for 72 h. (E) Histology images showing liver granuloma formation at 16 and 24 weeks post-infection. Data represent two independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. IL-4Rα−/lox mice. n = 4–6 mice per group.