Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of 16 intensive care unit patients with hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis [expressed as median (IQR)] n (%)
| Parameter | Value |
| Age (yr) | 49 (26-61) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 10 (63) |
| Female | 6 (37) |
| SOFA score on ICU admission | 10 (7-15) |
| Time from hospital to ICU admission | 0.5 (0-7) |
| Time to diagnose HLH (d) | 3 (1-7) |
| Immunodeficiency | 11 (69) |
| HIV infection | 2 |
| Malignancy | 7 |
| Autoimmune (SLE, autoimmune hemolytic anemia) | 2 |
| Precipitating factors | |
| Infection only | 5 (31) |
| Pneumonia | 2 |
| EBV | 2 |
| Typhoid fever | 1 |
| Malignancy only | 2 (13) |
| Diffuse large B cell lymphoma | 1 |
| T cell lymphoma | 1 |
| Infection and malignancy combined | 5 (31) |
| EBV and plasmablastic lymphoma | 1 |
| EBV and Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 |
| EBV and diffuse large B cell lymphoma | 1 |
| EBV and NK cell leukemia | 1 |
| EBV associated lymphoproliferative disorder | 1 |
| Idiopathic | 4 (25) |
| Number of HLH criteria met | 5 (5-6) |
| Principal reason for ICU admission | |
| Severe sepsis/septic shock | 9 (56) |
| Acute respiratory failure | 4 (25) |
| GI Bleed | 2 (13) |
| Acute encephalopathy | 1 (6) |
| ICU length of stay (d) | 11.5 (5-29) |
| Hospital length of stay (d) | 29 (17-40) |
| Prior history of HLH | 3 (19) |
| Biopsies performed | 23 |
| Bone marrow | 13 |
| Liver | 4 |
| Lymph node | 3 |
| Skin | 2 |
| Lung | 1 |
| Bi/pancytopenia on ICU admission | 10 (63) |
| Hemophagocytosis seen on bone marrow biopsy (out of total) | 10 (77) |
| Chemotherapy received | 15 (94) |
HLH: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; ICU: Intensive care unit; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; NK: Natural killer.