Table 3.
Comparison of demographic and clinical outcome data for patients with and without cardiac dysfunction.
| Variable | Patients with cardiac dysfunction (N=6) | Patients without cardiac dysfunction (N=40) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 51.8 (23.3) | 43.7 (20.4) | 0.37 |
| APACHE III score, median (SD) | 68.7 (19.7) | 52.4 (27.3) | 0.08 |
| GCS, mean (SD) | 5.5 (3) | 5.6 (3.1) | 0.95 |
| ISS, mean (SD) | 16.6 (6) | 19.4 (10.2) | 0.54 |
| Head AIS, mean (SD) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.6) | 0.94 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (7.5) | 0.12 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 3 (50) | 4 (10) | 0.03* |
| Systemic hypertension, n (%) | 1 (16.7) | 10 (25) | 1.0 |
| Use of beta-blocker or afterload reducing agent, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 8 (20) | 0.59 |
| EKG changes, n (%) | 5 (83.3) | 8 (27.6) (N=29) | 0.02* |
| Peak troponin T, ng/mL, median (IQR) | 0.01 – 0.03 | 0.01 – 0.09 (n = 18) | 0.52 |
| Day 1 cardiovascular SOFA score, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0–1.5) | 1 (0.25–3) | 0.2 |
| Day 3 cardiovascular SOFA score, median (IQR) | 1 (1–4) | 1 (1–3) (n = 37) | 0.46 |
| Day 5 cardiovascular SOFA score, median (IQR) (n = 36) | 1 (0–1) (n = 5) | 1 (0–1) (n = 31) | 0.62 |
| Day 1 respiratory SOFA score, median (IQR) | 2 (0.75–4) | 2 (0–3) | 0.62 |
| Day 3 respiratory SOFA score, median (IQR) (n = 23) | 2 (2–2) (n = 2) | 1 (1–3) (n = 21) | 0.61 |
| Day 5 respiratory SOFA score, median (IQR) (n = 17) | 2 (2–2) (n = 3) | 3 (1.75–3) (n = 14) | 0.25 |
| Ventilator days, median (IQR) | 5.2 (2.4–8.8) | 4.7 (1.6–10.6) | 0.9 |
| Development of acute kidney injury, n (%) | 1 (16.7%) | 10 (25%) | 1.0 |
| Vasoactive medication use, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 16 (40) | 1.0 |
| Vasopressor duration, hours, median (IQR) (n=18) | 29.5 (24–35) (n = 2) | 40.5 (15–78.7) (n = 16) | 0.62 |
| ICU length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 6.9 (4.6–11.3) | 7.5 (2.3–14.5) | 0.8 |
| Hospital length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 12.3 (6.4–14.6) | 13.8 (8.1–19.9) | 0.34 |
| ICU mortality, n (%) | 2 (33) | 6(15) | 0.27 |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | 2 (33) | 7 (17.5) | 0.58 |
*
Significant P values
¶
Laboratory reference ranges for troponin T values - normal: <0.04 ng/mL, mild elevation: 0.04 – 0.1 ng/mL, moderate/severe elevation: >0.1 ng/mL.
Abbreviations: SD, Standard deviation; APACHE, Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score; AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; IQR, Interquartile range; ICU, Intensive care unit.