Fig 3. Mortality rates (MR) and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) of specific causes of death in atrial fibrillation patients according to ICD-10 codes.

The overall mortality rate (MR) was higher in men than in women, but the MR due to diseases of the circulatory system was lower in men. The SMRs were generally higher in women than in men except for malignant neoplasms and diseases of the respiratory system.