Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants in the KNHANES 2007–2015.
| Variables | Total | Men | Women | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | 41,805 (100) | 19,391 (46.4) | 22,414 (53.6) | ||
| Age, yr | 43.8 ± 0.13 | 43.9 ± 0.16 | 43.6 ± 0.15 | 0.06 | |
| 18–29 | 5,817 (21.2) | 2,533 (21.2) | 3,284 (21.1) | 0.002 | |
| 30–49 | 16,802 (44.4) | 7,209 (43.5) | 9,593 (45.3) | ||
| 50–64 | 11,125 (23.3) | 5,302 (24.0) | 5,823 (22.6) | ||
| ≥ 65 | 8,061 (11.1) | 4,347 (11.2) | 3,714 (11.0) | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.7 ± 0.02 | 24.1 ± 0.03 | 23.1 ± 0.03 | < 0.001 | |
| Waist circumference, cm | 81.10 ± 0.08 | 84.3 ± 0.09 | 77.5 ± 0.10 | < 0.001 | |
| Obesity | 13,203 (31.7) | 6,918 (36.6) | 6,285 (26.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Abdominal obesity | 10,712 (23.9) | 5,225 (25.8) | 5,487 (21.9) | < 0.001 | |
| Education, yr | < 0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 6 | 5,896 (10.1) | 1,982 (6.9) | 3,914 (13.6) | ||
| 7–12 | 15,311 (35.1) | 7,151 (34.0) | 8,160 (36.3) | ||
| ≥ 13 | 20,598 (54.8) | 10,258 (59.1) | 10,340 (50.2) | ||
| Marital status | < 0.001 | ||||
| Single | 6,610 (23.4) | 3,409 (26.9) | 3,201 (19.6) | ||
| Married | 30,472 (67.8) | 14,928 (68.5) | 15,544 (67.1) | ||
| Separated/divorced/widowed | 4,723 (8.7) | 1,054 (4.6) | 3,669 (13.3) | ||
| Household income | < 0.001 | ||||
| Lowest | 7,380 (14.1) | 3,419 (13.5) | 3,961 (14.8) | ||
| Lower middle | 10,579 (25.6) | 4,911 (25.2) | 5,668 (26.2) | ||
| Upper middle | 11,840 (30.1) | 5,493 (30.7) | 6,437 (29.6) | ||
| Highest | 12,006 (30.1) | 5,568 (30.7) | 6,438 (29.4) | ||
| Work schedule pattern (n = 33,353) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Daytime workers | 16,134 (53.0) | 8,740 (55.5) | 7,394 (49.7) | ||
| Shift workers | 4,548 (15.7) | 2,434 (16.2) | 2,114 (14.9) | ||
| Other | 12,671 (31.3) | 5,770 (28.2) | 6,901 (35.4) | ||
| Alcohol use | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non-drinker | 7,412 (14.8) | 2,418 (9.8) | 4,994 (20.2) | ||
| Moderate drinkers, ≤ 1–4 times/mon | 24,138 (59.1) | 9,300 (51.6) | 14,838 (67.4) | ||
| Heavy drinkers, ≥ 2 times/wk | 10,255 (26.1) | 7,673 (38.6) | 2,582 (12.5) | ||
| Smoking | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non-smoker | 23,018 (51.0) | 3,510 (20.0) | 19,508 (85.2) | ||
| Current smoker | 12,493 (33.6) | 10,536 (55.2) | 1,957 (9.7) | ||
| Former smoker | 6,294 (15.4) | 5,345 (24.8) | 949 (5.1) | ||
| Physical activity | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 16,822 (39.0) | 8,339 (41.5) | 8,483 (36.2) | ||
| No | 24,983 (61.0) | 11,052 (58.5) | 13,931 (63.8) | ||
Data were summarized in number (%) or mean ± SEM, unless otherwise specified.
KNHANES = Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, BMI = body mass index, SEM = standard error of mean.
aP value: The χ2 test or t-test was used to compare categorical variables or continuous variables between men and women, respectively.