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. 2018 Nov 24;7(12):477. doi: 10.3390/jcm7120477

Table 3.

Per-protocol (primary) analyses assessing the effects of 12-week progressive aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiorespiratory fitness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (participants in the exercise group were included if attendance was ≥75%).

Change from Baseline at Week 12 Intervention Mean Difference (95%CI) p
Exercise (n = 22) Control (n = 28)
Median (SE) Median (SE)
PWV, m/s −0.26 (0.14) −0.22 (0.13) −0.034 (−0.42 to 0.36) 0.860
hsCRP, mg/L 0.17 (0.59) −0.24 (0.55) 0.411 (−1.25 to 2.07) 0.619
TNF-α, pg/mL −4.04 (1.53) −2.49 (1.41) −1.55 (−5.87 to 2.78) 0.475
IL-6, pg/mL −3.86 (1.04) −5.05 (0.99) 1.19 (−1.86 to 4.25) 0.437
MPO, ng/mL −27.84 (9.61) −7.49 (9.02) −20.35 (−47.38 to 6.68) 0.136
Cardiorespiratory fitness (Bruce), min 2.49 (0.44) 0.22 (0.41) 2.26 (0.98 to 3.55) 0.001

The analyses were adjusted for baseline values, resting heart rate, and changes in self-reported physical activity during the study period. SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval; PWV, pulse wave velocity; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-6, interleukin-6; MPO, myeloperoxidase.