Table 2.

Cross-sectional associations of BCAAs with insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell function.

	HOMA-IR, (mU mmol/L2)/22.5		HOMA-β, %
	β (95% CI)	p-Value	β (95% CI)	p-Value
Crude Model	28.92 (27.16, 30.67)	<0.0001	20.46 (18.67, 22.25)	<0.0001
Model 1	26.80 (25.18, 28.43)	<0.0001	21.01 (19.38, 22.64)	<0.0001
Model 2	30.95 (27.83, 34.07)	<0.0001	−4.73 (−7.77, −1.70)	0.002

Unstandardized regression coefficients are shown. Model 1: Adjustment for age and sex. Model 2: Model 1 + HOMA-β (for HOMA-IR) and HOMA-IR (for HOMA-β).