Table 1.
Epidemiology, clinical findings, and diagnostic methodology of aspergillus thyroiditis
| Epidemiology | ||||||||||||
| n (%) | Age (year-old) | Primary aspergillus locations | ||||||||||
| 11-30 | 31-60 | 61-78 | Thyroid gland | Lung/ airway | ||||||||
| 12 (41.4) | 10 (34.5) | 7 (24.1) | 12 (41.4) | 13 (44.8) | ||||||||
| Comorbidities | Transplantation | SLE | MDS | NHL | ALL | AML | AIDS | Chronic granulomatous disease | Polymyalgia | Skin disease | Diabetes | No comorbidity |
| n (%) | 9 (29.0) | 5 (16.1) | 4 (12.9) | 3 (9.7) | 2 (6.5) | 2 (6.5) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (3.2) | 1 (3.2) |
| Clinical findings | ||||||||||||
| Symptoms | Fever | Dyspneaa | Dysphagia | Neck pain | Neck erythema/ warmth | Tachycardia | Cough | Phlegm | Neurological sign | |||
| n (%) | 25 (86.2) | 15 (51.7) | 2 (6.9) | 14 (48.3) | 4 (13.8) | 8 (27.6) | 5 (17.2) | 3 (10.3) | 9 (31.0) | |||
| Manifestation of thyroid | Enlargement | Nodule | Hemorrhage | Thyrotoxicosis | Euthyroid sick syndrome | Hyperthyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Euthyroidism | ||||
| n (%) | 22 (75.9) | 10 (34.5) | 2 (6.9) | 12 (41.4) | 1 (3.4) | 13 (44.8) | 2 (6.9) | 6 (20.7) | ||||
| Diagnostic methodology | ||||||||||||
| Imaging | Culture | Others | ||||||||||
| Scintigraphy | Thyroid-CT/ Ultrasound | Lung-X ray/ CT | Thyroid punctured liquid/ swab/ tissue | Sputum/ airway secretion | Blood | Urine/ body fluid/ other tissue | Galactomannan test | Histological test | Fine needle aspiration | |||
| Positive, n (%) |
6 (85.7) | 18 (100) | 17 (68) | 12 (85.7) | 6 (33.3) | 1 (9.1) | 5 (41.7) | 5 (55.6) | 14 (93.3) | 13 (86.7) | ||
aincluding dyspnea/ shortness of breath/ respiratory insufficiency/ airway compromise