Table 1.
Characteristics of the patients with ankylosing spondylitis, overall and stratified and compared by sex
| Variables | All, n = 210 | Men, n = 121 (57.6) | Women, n = 89 (42.4) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 49.0 (40.0, 61.2) | 49.0 (39.5, 61.0) | 49.0 (41.5, 62.0) | 0.48 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.2 (22.8, 28.4) | 25.8 (23.6, 28.9) | 24.0 (21.8, 27.5) | 0.003 |
| Civil state: single | 58 (27.6) | 34 (28.1) | 24 (27.0) | 0.86 |
| in a relationship | 152 (72.4) | 87 (71.9) | 65 (73.0) | 0.87 |
| Years in school: < 13 | 98 (46.9)a | 62 (51.7)a | 36 (40.4) | 0.11 |
| ≥ 13 years | 111 (53.1) | 58 (48.3) | 53 (59.6) | 0.11 |
| Ever smoker | 105 (50.0) | 65 (53.7) | 40 (44.9) | 0.21 |
| VAS global fatigue, score | 59.0 (27.0, 74.0) | 50.0 (20.5, 68.0) | 64.0 (42.5, 76.0) | 0.002 |
| Duration of symptoms, years | 24.0 (13.0, 34.0)c | 23.0 (13.0, 33.0)b | 24.0 (12.5, 34.0)a | 0.80 |
| Duration of disease, years | 12.0 (5.0, 23.0)a | 12.5 (6.0, 24.0)a | 11.0 (4.0, 18.5) | 0.11 |
| ESR, mm/h | 11.0 (7.0, 19.0) | 10.0 (5.0, 17.0) | 14.0 (10.0, 22.5) | 0.001 |
| CRP, mg/L | 3.0 (1.0, 7.0)a | 3.0 (1.0, 7.0)a | 2.0 (1.0, 7.5) | 0.38 |
| HLA-B27 positive | 183 (87.1) | 112 (92.6) | 71 (79.8) | 0.006 |
| History of anterior uveitis | 108 (51.5) | 69 (57.0) | 39 (43.8) | 0.058 |
| TNFi and/or csDMARD | 73 (34.8) | 45 (37.2) | 28 (31.5) | 0.39 |
| BASMI, score | 3.0 (2.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (1.8, 4.3) | 2.8 (2.2, 3.8) | 0.34 |
| BASFI, score | 2.3 (1.0, 3.8)c | 2.3 (1.0, 3.7)a | 2.3 (1.0, 4.2)b | 0.73 |
| BASDAI, score | 3.5 (1.7, 5.3)d | 2.9 (1.5, 5.2)c | 3.7 (1.9, 5.6)a | 0.079 |
| ASDAS-CRP, score | 2.1 (1.4, 2.9)a | 2.0 (1.3, 2.9)a | 2.2 (1.5, 2.8) | 0.70 |
| BAS-G, score | 2.90 (1.15, 5.45) | 2.6 (1.0, 5.0) | 3.5 (1.3, 5.7) | 0.28 |
| mSASSS, score | 5.0 (0.0, 20.0) | 8.0 (2.0, 34.0) | 2.0 (0.0, 9.5) | < 0.001 |
| Syndesmophyte and/or | 98 (46.7) | 71 (58.7) | 27 (30.3) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 3 intervertebral bridges consecutively, cervical and/or lumbar spine | 29 (13.8) | 29 (24) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| PF, score | 80.0 (65.0, 90.0) | 80.0 (69.4, 90.0) | 75.0 (60.6, 90.0) | 0.023 |
| 74.4 ± 21.4 | 76.7 ± 21.5 | 71.2 ± 21.0 | ||
| RP, score | 75.0 (25.0, 100.0) | 75.0 (25.0, 100.0) | 75.0 (0.0, 100.0) | 0.12 |
| 59.3 ± 41.1 | 63.1 ± 40.3 | 54.2 ± 41.8 | ||
| BP, score | 51.0 (41.0, 64.0) | 51.0 (41.0, 72.0) | 51.0 (41.0, 62.0) | 0.19 |
| 54.1 ± 21.9 | 55.8 ± 22.8 | 51.7 ± 20.4 | ||
| GH, score | 62.0 (40.0, 77.0) | 62.0 (40.0, 77.0) | 60.0 (40.0, 76.0) | 0.78 |
| 57.1 ± 22.8 | 56.6 ± 23.7 | 57.7 ± 21.8 | ||
| VT, score | 50.0 (30.0, 70.0) | 55.0 (30.0, 75.0) | 50.0 (30.0, 65.0) | 0.010 |
| 50.6 ± 23.6 | 54.3 ± 24.1 | 45.5 ± 22.0 | ||
| SF, score | 75.0 (65.2, 100.0) | 87.5 (62.5, 100.0) | 75.0 (62.5, 100.0) | 0.10 |
| 75.8 ± 25.0 | 77.7 ± 25.6 | 73.3 ± 24.1 | ||
| RE, score | 100.0 (33.3, 100.0)b | 100.0 (33.3, 100.0)a | 100.0 (33.3, 100.0)a | 0.16 |
| 68.8 ± 40.8b | 71.9 ± 39.8a | 64.4 ± 41.9a | ||
| MH, score | 76.0 (63.0, 88.0) | 76.0 (64.0, 88.0) | 72.0 (60.0, 84.0) | 0.039 |
| 71.9 ± 19.8 | 73.7 ± 20.7 | 69.5 ± 18.3 | ||
| PCS, score | 42.4 (34.3, 48.7)b | 43.6 (35.4, 49,4)a | 41.8 (32.6, 47.5)a | 0.16 |
| 41.4 ± 10.0b | 42.1 ± 10.0a | 40.4 ± 10.2a | ||
| MCS, score | 48.0 (35.6, 55.2)b | 49.2 (39.9, 56.1)a | 46.0 (33.4, 53.8)a | 0.13 |
| 44.8 ± 12.5b | 45.9 ± 12.3a | 43.3 ± 12.8a |
Values are median and 25th percentile (Q1) and 75th percentile (Q3), numbers of patients and percent (%) or mean ± SD. Comparisons between men and women are assessed by Mann-Whitney U-test or Chi-square test. Significant differences are in bold text
BMI body mass index, VAS visual analogue scale, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, TNFi TNF inhibitor, csDMARD conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug, BASMI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, ASDAS-CRP Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-CRP, BAS-G Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Global, mSASSS Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score, PF physical function, RP role physical, BP bodily pain, GH general health, VT vitality, SF social function, RE role emotional, MH mental health, PCS physical component summary, MCS mental component summary
Number of missing data values: an = 1; bn = 2;cn = 3; dn = 4