Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Variable | Rheumatoid arthritis (n = 12) | Prediabetes (n = 9) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 63.9 (7.2) | 71.4 (4.9)* |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 11 (91.6%) | 5 (55.6%) |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian | 11 (91.6%) | 8 (88.9%) |
| African-American | 1 (8.4%) | 1 (11.1%) |
| Absolute peak VO2, mL/min | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 1.75 (0.38) | 1.71 (0.46) |
| Post-HIIT | 1.90 (0.38)** | 1.94 (0.57)** |
| Relative peak VO2, mL/kg per min | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 24.9 (6.6) | 19.9 (2.7) |
| Post-HIIT | 27.1 (6.9)** | 23.1 (3.6)** |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 27.4 (9.3) | 29.4 (3.0) |
| Post-HIIT | 27.6 (9.8) | 29.0 (3.0) |
| Body fat, % | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 36.6 (11.6) | 39.6 (8.6) |
| Post-HIIT | 37.2 (11.2) | 39.1 (8.1) |
| Lean mass, kg | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 44.9 (8.9) | 50.1 (12.2) |
| Post-HIIT | 44.7 (7.8) | 50.1 (12.0) |
| Hemoglobin A1c | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 5.46 (0.59) | 5.99 (0.19)* |
| Post-HIIT | 5.56 (0.41) | 5.87 (0.21)* |
| Disease duration, years | 13.3 (7.2) | NA |
| DAS-28, mean (SD) | ||
| Pre-HIIT | 3.1 (2.3) | NA |
| Post-HIIT | 2.3 (1.5)** | NA |
| Rheumatoid factor–positive | 10/12 (83.3%) | NA |
| Anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody–positive | 5/8 (62.5%) | NA |
| Erosions on radiographs present | 9/12 (75.0%) | NA |
| Medication use | ||
| Infliximab | 2 (16.7%) | NA |
| Adalimumab | 2 (16.7%) | NA |
| Tofacitinib | 1 (8.3%) | NA |
| Methotrexate | 6 (50%) | NA |
| Leflunomide | 1 (8.3%) | NA |
| Sulfasalazine | 2 (16.7%) | NA |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 4 (33.3%) | NA |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents | 8 (66.7%) | NA |
| Prednisone (<5 mg/day) | 3 (25%) | NA |
Data are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variables and number (percentage) of participants for dichotomous variables.
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, HIIT high-intensity interval training, NA not applicable, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, SD standard deviation, VO2 maximal oxygen consumption
*P <0.05 for comparisons between rheumatoid arthritis and prediabetes groups
** P <0.05 for comparisons between pre-and post-HIIT rheumatoid arthritis and prediabetes groups