Figure 1.

Dex protects against anesthetic-induced HT22 cell apoptosis. (A) HT22 cells were pretreated with 100 mM t-BHP for 2 h and subjected to senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. (B) HT22 cells were treated with Dex and/or anesthetics for 24 h. The morphological changes were observed by phase contrast microscopy. Magnification ×200 (C) Cell proliferation were determined using a CCK-8 Kit. n=3; data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. **P<0.01 vs. HT22; ^##P<0.01 vs. Isoflurane; and ^{^^}P<0.01 vs. Bupivacaine. t-BHP, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide; Dex, dexmedetomidine; CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8; OD, optical density; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1.