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. 2018 Dec 19;18(3):e278–e285. doi: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.03.003

Table 1.

Summary of selected studies evaluating the use of noninvasive ventilation in children4,8,14,19

Author and year of study Study design and period Mode of NIV Patients Clinical results
Yañez et al.4 (2008) Prospective RCT (2005) BPAP 50 children admitted to the PICU with respiratory distress

  • The rate of intubation in the NIV group was 28% compared to 60% in the control group
Wolfler et al.8 (2015) National multicentre observational retrospective study (2011–2012) CPAP and BPAP 7,100 children admitted to the PICU with respiratory failure

  • The use of NIV increased from 11.6% in 2006 to 14.3% in 2011 and 18.2% in 2012
Abadesso et al.14 (2012) Observational prospective study (2006–2010) CPAP and BPAP 151 children with respiratory distress

  • The overall NIV success rate was 77.5%
Pancera et al.19 (2008) Observational retrospective study (1997–2005) BPAP 239 children admitted to the PICU with underlying malignancies and presenting with respiratory failure

  • The overall NIV success rate was 74%

  • Predictors of NIV failure included cardiovascular dysfunction and a TISS of >40 points

NIV = noninvasive ventilation; RCT = randomised controlled trial; BPAP = bilevel positive airway pressure; PICU = paediatric intensive care unit; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; TISS = Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System.