Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants
| Variables | Control (n = 156) | CAD (n = 193) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.4 ± 8.1 | 65.7 ± 10.0 | 0.191 |
| Male, n (%) | 90 (57.7) | 121 (62.7) | 0.379 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 (23.4‐25.4) | 24.8 (23.4‐26.4) | 0.178 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 70 (44.9) | 93 (48.2) | 0.590 |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 21 (13.5) | 38 (19.7) | 0.151 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 106 (67.9) | 142 (73.6) | 0.286 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 33 (21.2) | 69 (35.8) | 0.003 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 74 (47.4) | 103 (53.4) | 0.283 |
| Antihypertensive therapy, n (%) | 94 (60.3) | 137 (80.0) | <0.001 |
| Antihyperglycaemic therapy, n (%) | 25 (16.0) | 63 (32.6) | <0.001 |
| Antihyperlipidaemic therapy, n (%) | 51 (32.7) | 99 (51.3) | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 133.5 (125.0‐145.0) | 140.0 (130.0‐154.5) | 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 75.5 (70.0‐86.0) | 85.0 (72.0‐93.5) | 0.003 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.39 (3.75‐5.12) | 4.59 (3.85‐5.32) | 0.117 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.23 (0.96‐1.55) | 1.38 (1.01‐2.01) | 0.013 |
| LDL‐C (mmol/L) | 2.54 ± 0.77 | 2.74 ± 0.89 | 0.027 |
| HDL‐C (mmol/L) | 1.09 (0.98‐1.33) | 1.07 (0.91‐1.29) | 0.171 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.97 (5.33‐7.02) | 6.32 (5.43‐8.02) | 0.004 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 77.26 (72.53‐83.99) | 77.64 (72.53‐85.66) | 0.378 |
| hs‐CRP (mg/L) | 1.05 (0.80‐3.00) | 5.00 (1.30‐12.00) | <0.001 |
| Metrnl (pg/mL) | 173.17 (142.27‐200.40) | 132.41 (107.44‐167.45) | <0.001 |
| IL‐1βa (pg/mL) | 0.99 (0.50‐1.83) | 1.41 (0.89‐2.91) | 0.002 |
| IL‐8a (pg/mL) | 11.07 (6.24‐20.78) | 11.58 (5.80‐21.71) | 0.786 |
| IL‐11a (pg/mL) | 125.57 (74.44‐227.28) | 74.56 (27.20‐225.20) | 0.005 |
Data are mean ± SD, median with interquartile range in parenthesis, or number with percentage in parenthesis.
CAD: coronary artery disease; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL‐C: high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C: low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose; Cr: creatine; hs‐CRP: high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein.
a
The concentrations of IL‐1β, IL‐8, and IL‐11 were measured in 48 patients with CAD and 54 control subjects.