Table 1.
A model of diverse roles of plant GSTs in four different interaction types between plant hosts and pathogenic microbes.
| Role of plant GSTs | Fungal and oomycete infections | Bacterial infections | Viral infections |
|---|---|---|---|
| SYMPTOMLESS RESISTANCE | |||
| Maintaining resistance/preventing localized cell death (oxidative stress) | Pislewska-Bednarek et al., 2018 | Szatmári et al., 2006 | Gullner et al., 1995b; Larson et al., 2008; Satoh et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2013a,b |
| GSTs and auxin | – | Szatmári et al., 2006 | – |
| GSTs and glucosinolate metabolism | Pislewska-Bednarek et al., 2018 | – | – |
| HR-ASSOCIATED RESISTANCE | |||
| Maintaining resistance/preventing spread of localized cell death (oxidative stress) | Mauch and Dudler, 1993 | Levine et al., 1994; Sarowar et al., 2005 | Gullner et al., 1995a,b; Fodor et al., 1997 |
| Pei et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2012 | Kuzniak and Sklodowska, 2004 | Király et al., 2012; Widana Gamage et al., 2016 | |
| Differential ROS accumulation | Li et al., 2011 | Levine et al., 1994; Rajasekhar et al., 1999 | Pogány et al., 2004 |
| GST regulation by WRKY TFs | Li et al., 2004, 2006 | – | – |
| GST regulation by PR1 | Sarowar et al., 2005 | Sarowar et al., 2005 | – |
| GST regulation by SA and ethylene | – | Lieberherr et al., 2003; Blanco et al., 2009 | – |
| LIMITING SUSCEPTIBILITY | |||
| Controlling (limiting) spread of cell death (oxidative stress) and pathogens in infected, necrotic plant tissues | Schenk et al., 2000; Dean et al., 2005; Li et al., 2013; Shi et al., 2014; Han et al., 2016; Gong et al., 2018 | Mittal and Davis, 1995; Venisse et al., 2001 | Kogovsek et al., 2010; Xu et al., 2013 |
| GST regulation by WRKY TFs | Shimono et al., 2007; Shi et al., 2014 | Shi et al., 2014 | – |
| GST regulation by SA and ethylene | Shimono et al., 2007; Han et al., 2016 | – | – |
| SA regulation by GST | Gong et al., 2018 | – | – |
| GST catalyzing cinnamic acid-GSH conjugation | Edwards and Dixon, 1991 | – | – |
| GST catalyzing detoxification of mycotoxins | Gardiner et al., 2010; Wahibah et al., 2018 | – | – |
| PROMOTING SUSCEPTIBILITY | |||
| Maintaining reduced conditions (preventing cell death) in infected, non-necrotic plant tissues | El-Zahaby et al., 1995; Harrach et al., 2008; Hernández et al., 2009 | – | Love et al., 2005; Casado-Vela et al., 2006 |
| Niehl et al., 2006; García-Ibarra et al., 2011 | |||
| Skopelitou et al., 2015; Pavan Kumar et al., 2017 | |||