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Penetration depth calculation based on pressure field simulation results of the conventional and proposed transducers.
| Transducers | Maximum Penetration Depth (mm) | Δ Penetration Depth (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| −3 dB | −6 dB | −10 dB | −3 dB | −6 dB | −10 dB | |
| Conventional transducer | 2.7 | 4.1 | 6.3 | - | - | - |
| Proposed transducer | 3.1 | 4.6 | 6.9 | 15 | 12 | 10 |
