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. 2018 Sep 19;18:143–152. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.09.005

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Analysis of alternative detoxification pathways for dicarbonyls. A: mRNA expression of AKR1b3 in liver and kidney of appropriate mouse subgroup. B: mRNA expression of ALDH1a3 in the liver of appropriate mouse subgroup. mRNA data are normalized to β-actin. C–F: Kinetic profiles of AKR-catalyzed reduction of HTA or MG in the kidney (C-D) or liver (E - F) of the appropriate mouse group. Kinetic profiles of ALDH-catalyzed reduction of MG in the liver (G) of the appropriate mouse group. Kinetic parameters are summarized in Supplementary Table 1. H: Metabolite distribution of MG detoxification in the liver and kidney of appropriate mouse group; absolute amounts of pyruvate, lactaldehyde, hydroxyacetone, as well as d-lactate are summarized in Supplementary Figure 4. All data represent mean ± S.E; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (n = 4).