Table 3.
Univariable analysis on stunting
| Factors | Odds ratio (SE) | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| I. Parental level factors | ||
| Maternal education (v no education) | ||
| Primary | 0.46 (0.08) | 0.33–0.64*** |
| Secondary | 0.37 (0.06) | 0.27–0.51*** |
| Diploma | 0.30 (0.06) | 0.21–0.44*** |
| Bachelor’s degree | 0.26 (0.05) | 0.18–0.37*** |
| Master’s degree and above | 0.41 (0.14) | 0.22–0.79* |
| Mother’s age at birth (v < 20 years) | ||
| 20–29 years | 0.84 (0.10) | 0.66–1.05 |
| 30–39 years | 0.66 (0.08) | 0.52–0.84*** |
| > 40 years | 0.68 (0.11) | 0.50–0.93* |
| Number of ANC (v < 4 times) | ||
| ≥ 4 Times | 0.64 (0.20) | 0.35–1.18 |
| Cannot remember visit number | 0.48 (0.15) | 0.26–0.89* |
| Duration of breastfeeding (v < 12 months) | ||
| > 12 months | 1.57 (0.12) | 1.35–1.81*** |
| II. Child level factors | ||
| Perceived size of baby at birth (v small) | ||
| Average | 0.72 (0.14) | 0.49–1.06 |
| Large | 0.59 (0.14) | 0.36–0.95* |
| Cannot clearly determine the size | 0.52 (0.10) | 0.36–0.76*** |
| Child age in months (v 12–23 months) | ||
| 24–35 months | 0.83 (0.08) | 0.69–1.00 |
| 36–47 months | 0.75 (0.07) | 0.62–0.90*** |
| 48–59 months | 0.61 (0.06) | 0.50–0.75*** |
| History of recent diarrhoea (v Yes) | ||
| No | 0.92 (0.16) | 0.66–1.28 |
| III. Household level factors | ||
| Wealth index (v poorest) | ||
| Poorer | 0.69 (0.08) | 0.55–0.87*** |
| Middle | 0.59 (0.06) | 0.47–0.73*** |
| Richer | 0.46 (0.05) | 0.37–0.58*** |
| Richest | 0.39 (0.05) | 0.31–0.49*** |
| IV. Community level factors | ||
| Type of residence (v municipal) | ||
| Non-municipal | 1.25 (0.09) | 1.09–1.44*** |
| Geographic zone (v Bangkok) | ||
| Central | 1.00 (0.15) | 0.74–1.34 |
| Northern | 0.94 (0.14) | 0.70–1.26 |
| Northeastern | 1.02 (0.15) | 0.76–1.36 |
| Southern | 1.22 (0.18) | 0.92–1.63 |
Note: * P-value < 0.05, **P-value < 0.01, and *** P-value < 0.001