Table 4.
Association of baseline patient characteristics with the composite of major complications by univariable analysis.a
| Parameter | Major complications (N = 63) | No complications (N = 22) | Relative risk | 95% confidence interval | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age >40 years | 37 (58.7%) | 15 (68.2%) | 0.90 | 0.70–1.16 | 0.434 |
| NYHA III/IV | 33 (52.4%) | 5 (22.7%) | 1.36 | 1.06–1.74 | 0.016 |
| Thrombocytopeniab | 8 (12.7%) | 4 (18.2%) | 0.89 | 0.58–1.35 | 0.525 |
| Hypoalbuminemiab | 42 (66.7%) | 10 (45.5%) | 1.25 | 0.93–1.68 | 0.099 |
| Hyponatremiab | 47 (74.6%) | 7 (31.8%) | 1.69 | 1.18–2.41 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (12.7%) | 2 (9.1%) | 1.09 | 0.78–1.53 | 0.651 |
| Smokerc | 17 (27%) | 5 (22.7%) | 1.06 | 0.81–1.39 | 0.695 |
| Vegetation >10 mm | 46 (73.1%) | 12 (54.5%) | 1.51 | 0.99–2.32 | 0.018 |
| Aortic valve involvement | 22 (34.9%) | 5 (22.7%) | 1.21 | 0.93–1.57 | 0.183 |
| Mitral valve involvement | 30 (47.6%) | 16 (72.7%) | 0.79 | 0.61–1.03 | 0.090 |
| Significant valve dysfunctiond | 44 (69.8%) | 16 (72.7%) | 0.96 | 0.74–1.26 | 0.798 |
| Prosthetic valve IE | 12 (19.1%) | 4 (18.2%) | 1.01 | 0.74–1.39 | 0.929 |
| S. aureus infection | 18 (28.6%) | 8 (36.4%) | 0.91 | 0.68–1.22 | 0.495 |
| Moderate or severe anemiac | 37 (58.7%) | 11 (50%) | 1.10 | 0.85–1.42 | 0.477 |
| Leukocytosis | 48 (76.2%) | 11 (50%) | 1.41 | 0.99–2.0 | 0.022 |
| Serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dl | 18 (28.6%) | 1 (4.5%) | 1.39 | 1.14–1.69 | 0.020 |
| C-reactive protein >40 mg/l | 49 (77.8%) | 1 (4.5%) | 2.45 | 1.63–3.68 | <0.001 |
a
Statistical analysis was done using the chi square test.
b
Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count less than 1,00,000/μl; Hyponatremia is defined as S. sodium <135 meq/l; hypoalbuminemia is defined as S. albumin <3.5 mg/dl; moderate to severe anemia is defined as Hb <10 g/dl.
c
A smoker is defined as a person with a lifetime history of smoking >100 cigarettes.
d
New-onset significant valvular dysfunction is defined as any new detection of moderate or more valvular regurgitation or any form of prosthetic valve dysfunction.