Table 2.

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analyses Testing the Association Between Adolescent Chronic Pain History and Prescription Opioid Misuse in Adulthood at Waves III and IV

Characteristic	Early Adulthood (Wave III)			Adulthood (Wave IV)
	AOR	95% CI	P Value	AOR	95% CI	P Value
Adolescent chronic pain
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	1.24	1.05–1.46	.013	1.19	1.04–1.36	.013
Age	.90	.86–.95	<.0001	.88	.85–.92	<.0001
Sex
Male	Reference			Reference
Female	.81	.70–.94	.006	.76	.66–.86	<.0001
Race and ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	Reference			Reference
Black, non-Hispanic	.52	.38–.72	<.0001	.39	.29–.51	<.0001
Hispanic	.53	.41–.69	<.0001	.50	.40–.62	<.0001
Other	.87	.65–1.17	.349	.88	.69–1.13	.311
Income	1.00	1.00–1.00	.092	1.00	1.00–1.00	.416
Depression	1.00	.99–1.01	.911	1.00	.99–1.01	.588
Anxiety	.99	.95–1.03	.704	.99	.95–1.03	.487
Health reported as fair or poor
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	.96	.71 −1.32	.815	1.18	.90–1.56	.223
Substance use	1.21	1.16–1.27	<.0001	1.27	1.22–1.33	<.0001
Childhood trauma exposures	1.32	1.23–1.42	<.0001	1.31	1.21 −1.41	<.0001
Legitimate opioid use during wave IV	-	-	-	1.95	1.53–2.48	<.0001