Table 1:
Demographics, comorbidities, biochemistry and antihypertensive medications of patients with controlled and masked uncontrolled hypertension
| Variables | True controlled hypertension (n=72) |
Masked uncontrolled hypertension (n=80) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 60.4 ± 11.0 | 58.9 ± 10.3 | 0.404 |
| Female | 30 (44.8%) | 33 (41.8%) | 0.715 |
| African American | 34 (50.7%) | 38 (48.1%) | 0.750 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Current smoker | 3 (4.5%) | 10 (12.7%) | 0.084 |
| Dyslipidemia | 43 (64.2%) | 53 (67.1%) | 0.712 |
| Congestive heart failure | 4 (6.0%) | 6 (7.6%) | 0.699 |
| Coronary artery disease | 10 (14.9%) | 9 (11.4%) | 0.527 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3 (4.5%) | 5 (6.3%) | 0.727 |
| Diabetes | 15 (22.4%) | 33 (41.8%) | 0.013 |
| Thyroid disorder | 7 (10.4%) | 13 (16.5%) | 0.293 |
| Prior stroke/transient ischemic attack | 10 (14.9%) | 13 (16.5%) | 0.800 |
| Gout | 10 (14.9%) | 9 (11.4%) | 0.527 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 33.1 ± 7.5 | 33.9 ± 5.9 | 0.480 |
| Biochemistry | |||
| Sodium (mMol/L) | 138.3 ± 2.8 | 137.8 ± 3.4 | 0.457 |
| Potassium (mMol/L) | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 0.826 |
| Bicarbonate (mMol/L) | 27.8 ± 3.1 | 28.4 ± 2.9 | 0.324 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 19.1 ± 8.4 | 17.9 ± 7.1 | 0.454 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.305 |
| Serum aldosterone (ng/dL) | 8.7 ± 5.4 | 11.2 ± 8.7 | 0.054 |
| Plasma renin activity (ng/mL/hr) | 10.8 ± 22.1 | 11.7 ± 28.0 | 0.846 |
| Antihypertensive medications | |||
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors | 29 (43.3%) | 34 (43.0%) | 0.976 |
| Angiotensinogen receptor blockers | 29 (43.3%) | 30 (38.0%) | 0.515 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 44 (65.7%) | 61 (77.2%) | 0.122 |
| Thiazide diuretics | 49 (73.1%) | 63 (79.7%) | 0.346 |
| Loop diuretics | 2 (3.0%) | 4 (5.1%) | 0.688 |
| Endothelial sodium channel blocker | 2 (3.0%) | 0 | 0.209 |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists | 26 (38.8%) | 27 (34.2%) | 0.562 |
| α blockers | 2 (3.0%) | 3 (3.8%) | 1.000 |
| β blockers | 20 (29.9%) | 19 (24.1%) | 0.430 |
| αβ blockers | 9 (13.4%) | 22 (27.8%) | 0.034 |
| α2 agonists | 8 (11.9%) | 12 (15.2%) | 0.569 |
| Nitric oxide vasodilators | 0 | 4 (5.1%) | 0.125 |
| Potassium channel openers | 0 | 2 (2.5%) | 0.500 |
| Total antihypertensive medications | 3.3 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 0.156 |