Table 2:
Blood pressure, heart rate, blood pressure variability, heart rate variability, catecholamines and metanephrines values of patients with controlled and masked uncontrolled hypertension in and out of clinic
| Mean ± SD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | True controlled hypertension (n=72) |
Masked uncontrolled hypertension (n=80) |
p-value | True controlled hypertension (n=72) |
Masked uncontrolled hypertension (n=80) |
p-value |
| Blood Pressure/Heart Rate | In-Clinic - AOBP * | Out-of-clinic - ABPM † | ||||
| Awake (Day-time) | ||||||
| Systolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 113.8 ± 10.3 | 120.8 ± 8.2 | <0.001 | 124.2 ± 7.5 | 148.3 ± 11.4 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 70.4 ± 7.8 | 73.4 ± 7.7 | 0.022 | 70.8 ± 7.2 | 82.0 ± 8.0 | <0.001 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 84.9 ± 7.4 | 89.2 ± 6.4 | <0.001 | 88.0 ± 8.5 | 104.1 ± 7.5 | <0.001 |
| Pulse Pressure (mmHg) | 43.4 ± 9.8 | 47.5 ± 9.5 | 0.012 | 54.2 ± 9.4 | 66.4 ± 11.6 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 71.6 ± 12.4 | 73.6 ± 11.5 | 0.308 | 72.6 ± 11.6 | 75.1 ± 11.3 | 0.190 |
| Systolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 168.0 (159.1, 177.3) | 281.2 (260.9, 303.2) | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 101.0 (95.7, 106.6) | 149.8 (139.0, 161.5) | <0.001 | |||
| Heart rate variability (beats/minute) | 76.2 (72.2, 80.4) | 66.8 (62.0, 71.9) | <0.001 | |||
| Asleep (Night-time) | ||||||
| Systolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 115.2 ± 12.1 | 138.8 ± 19.9 | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 62.7 ± 8.2 | 73.2 ± 11.8 | <0.001 | |||
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 79.7 ± 9.3 | 95.0 ± 13.2 | <0.001 | |||
| Pulse Pressure (mmHg) | 53.3 ± 10.5 | 65.7 ± 14.8 | <0.001 | |||
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 66.8 ± 10.8 | 69.1 ± 11.6 | 0.213 | |||
| Systolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 135.5 (122.7, 149.7) | 279.2 (242.6, 321.3) | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 83.0 (75.2, 91.7) | 143.9 (125.0, 165.6) | <0.001 | |||
| Heart rate variability (beats/minute) | 38.2 (34.6, 42.2) | 29.3 (25.5, 33.7) | <0.001 | |||
| 24-hr (Overall) | ||||||
| Systolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 122.1 ± 7.5 | 145.9 ± 11.9 | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic BP ‡ (mmHg) | 68.9 ± 6.9 | 79.9 ± 8.3 | <0.001 | |||
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 86.6 ± 6.0 | 102.0 ± 8.0 | <0.001 | |||
| Pulse Pressure (mmHg) | 53.3 ± 8.1 | 66.0 ± 11.4 | <0.001 | |||
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 71.2 ± 11.2 | 73.7 ± 11.2 | 0.188 | |||
| Systolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 188.6 (179.9, 197.7) | 328.5 (307.7, 350.7) | <0.001 | |||
| Diastolic BP ‡ variability § (mmHg) | 114.1 (108.9, 119.6) | 173.3 (162.3, 185.0) | <0.001 | |||
| Heart rate variability (beats/minute) | 77.9 (74.2, 81.7) | 70.0 (65.4, 74.9) | 0.001 | |||
| Catecholamines/Metanephrines | In-Clinic Random (/g Creatinine) | Out-of-clinic (/24-hours) | ||||
| Epinephrine | ||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 7.50 ± 3.72 | 7.11 ± 3.12 | 0.693 | |||
| - Plasma (pg/mL) | 51.36 ± 23.23 | 44.86 ± 20.65 | 0.297 | |||
| Norepinephrine | ||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 49.36 ± 25.88 | 59.47 ± 29.52 | 0.032 | |||
| - Plasma (pg/mL) | 697.58 ± 442.60 | 609.43 ± 266.85 | 0.282 | |||
|
Total Catecholamines
(Epinephrine & Norepinephrine) |
||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 51.64 ± 26.35 | 61.99 ± 29.85 | 0.030 | |||
| - Plasma (pg/mL) | 725.83 ± 455.27 | 640.40 ± 274.72 | 0.310 | |||
| Metanephrine | ||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 82.57 ± 43.15 | 85.79 ± 60.29 | 0.776 | 109.37 ± 59.66 | 133.96 ± 71.95 | 0.030 |
| - Plasma (nMol/L) | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.22 ± 0.05 | 0.741 | |||
| Normetanephrine | ||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 251.38 ± 139.67 | 251.72 ± 116.87 | 0.990 | 366.63 ± 149.42 | 434.41 ± 181.76 | 0.017 |
| - Plasma (nMol/L) | 0.75 ± 0.38 | 0.81 ± 0.40 | 0.407 | |||
|
Total Metanephrines
(Metanephrine & Normetanephrine) |
||||||
| - Urinary (mcg) | 333.95 ± 166.87 | 337.51 ± 153.45 | 0.919 | 476.00 ± 180.97 | 566.67 ± 218.13 | 0.008 |
*
AOBP, automated office blood pressure
†
ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
‡
BP, blood pressure
§
P-values and variance estimates are from linear mixed models with between-group heterogeneity