Table 2.
Associations between epidemiologic characteristics and anti-CA15.3 antibodies in healthy controls, stratified by menopausal status.
| All |
Premenopausal |
Postmenopausal |
p-het | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | Mean (95% CI)a | p | N (%) | Mean (95% CI)a | p | N (%) | Mean (95% CI)a | p | ||
| Age at blood draw (years) | ||||||||||
| < 41 | 75 (4) | 8253 (5569, 12232) | 0.97 | 75 (15) | 7802 (5467, 11134) | 0.78 | 0 (0) | -- | ||
| 41–50 | 327 (17) | 8188 (6747, 9936) | Ref. | 269 (55) | 7372 (6183, 8789) | Ref. | 47 (3) | 9571 (6066, 15100) | Ref. | |
| 51–60 | 853 (44) | 7464 (6714, 8298) | 0.43 | 141 (29) | 6751 (5138, 8870) | 0.62 | 697 (49) | 7664 (6801, 8638) | 0.35 | |
| 61–70 | 585 (30) | 9257 (8118, 10555) | 0.34 | 0 (0) | -- | -- | 585 (41) | 9543 (8384, 10862) | 0.99 | |
| > 70 | 87 (5) | 10135 (7181, 14302) | 0.30 | 0 (0) | -- | -- | 87 (6) | 10758 (7476, 15481) | 0.70 | |
| ptrend | 0.07 | 0.55 | 0.04 | |||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||
| <18.5 | 30 (2) | 11362 (6597, 19571) | 0.35 | 9 (2) | 7718 (3064, 19441) | 0.93 | 21 (2) | 12090 (6193, 23605) | 0.39 | 0.77 |
| 18.5–24.99 | 872 (48) | 8715 (7865, 9656) | Ref. | 267 (59) | 8063 (6822, 9529) | Ref. | 589 (44) | 8946 (7867, 10174) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 25 – 29.99 | 658 (36) | 8092 (7204, 9091) | 0.36 | 131 (29) | 6513 (5125, 8277) | 0.16 | 522 (39) | 8658 (7570, 9902) | 0.73 | 0.18 |
| >=30 | 271 (15) | 7065 (5858, 8521) | 0.06 | 46 (10) | 6165 (4101, 9267) | 0.24 | 222 (16) | 7425 (5983, 9214) | 0.16 | 0.60 |
| ptrend | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.41 | ||||||
| Smoking | ||||||||||
| Never | 1096 (58) | 9012 (8232, 9865) | Ref. | 273 (57) | 7830 (6632, 9245) | Ref. | 816 (59) | 9439 (8470, 10520) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Former | 431 (23) | 8855 (7664, 10230) | 0.84 | 114 (24) | 7872 (6051, 10242) | 0.97 | 310 (22) | 9181 (7701, 10945) | 0.80 | 0.88 |
| Current | 367 (19) | 5782 (4942, 6764) | <0.0001 | 94 (20) | 5168 (3869, 6902) | 0.02 | 266 (19) | 6123 (5058, 7413) | 0.0002 | 0.98 |
| Packyears (among current smokers) | ||||||||||
| <=11 packyears | 89 (25) | 9069 (6836, 12031) | Ref. | 34 (37) | 7737 (5203, 11505) | Ref. | 53 (21) | 10459 (7140, 15321) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 12–19 | 91 (25) | 5443 (4114, 7202) | 0.01 | 21 (23) | 4183 (2502, 6991) | 0.08 | 67 (26) | 5695 (4008, 8091) | 0.03 | 0.88 |
| 20–31 | 95 (27) | 4216 (3231, 5502) | 0.0002 | 26 (28) | 4604 (2914, 7275) | 0.11 | 68 (26) | 4370 (3146, 6070) | 0.0009 | 0.63 |
| >31 | 82 (23) | 4716 (3505, 6345) | 0.002 | 12 (13) | 3070 (1582, 5956) | 0.03 | 69 (27) | 4998 (3569, 6998) | 0.005 | 0.82 |
| ptrend | 0.002 | 0.02 | 0.008 | 0.87 | ||||||
| Age at menarche (years) | ||||||||||
| < 12 | 266 (14) | 7531 (6243, 9084) | 0.77 | 93 (20) | 5632 (4196, 7561) | 0.80 | 171 (13) | 8528 (6708, 10842) | 0.56 | 0.76 |
| 12 | 352 (19) | 7260 (6191, 8513) | Ref. | 94 (20) | 5940 (4440, 7948) | Ref. | 257 (19) | 7789 (6432, 9434) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 13 | 422 (23) | 8395 (7263, 9703) | 0.19 | 118 (26) | 9347 (7227, 12089) | 0.02 | 301 (22) | 8214 (6886, 9797) | 0.69 | 0.15 |
| 14 | 433 (24) | 8550 (7405, 9873) | 0.14 | 94 (20) | 7934 (5918, 10638) | 0.18 | 336 (25) | 8836 (7474, 10445) | 0.33 | 0.58 |
| > 14 | 365 (20) | 8883 (7584, 10405) | 0.08 | 60 (13) | 6940 (4820, 9994) | 0.52 | 299 (22) | 9426 (7879, 11277) | 0.16 | 0.63 |
| ptrend | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.82 | ||||||
| Oral contraceptive use | ||||||||||
| Never | 924 (50) | 7947 (7156, 8826) | Ref. | 145 (31) | 8831 (6880, 11334) | Ref. | 775 (56) | 8040 (7159, 9029) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Ever | 933 (50) | 8408 (7575, 9332) | 0.48 | 320 (69) | 6434 (5487, 7546) | 0.05 | 604 (44) | 9371 (8199, 10711) | 0.11 | 0.08 |
| <= 2 years | 257 (14) | 8002 (6630, 9658) | Ref. | 101 (22) | 7675 (5743, 10256) | Ref. | 153 (12) | 8034 (6270, 10294) | Ref. | Ref. |
| > 2 to 5 years | 180 (10) | 6530 (5221, 8165) | 0.15 | 68 (15) | 5093 (3603, 7200) | 0.11 | 111 (8) | 6950 (5189, 9309) | 0.39 | 0.37 |
| > 5 to 10 years | 207 (12) | 9107 (7370, 11252) | 0.43 | 77 (17) | 6278 (4527, 8705) | 0.26 | 127 (10) | 10867 (8241, 14329) | 0.13 | 0.09 |
| > 10 years | 225 (13) | 9451 (7668, 11650) | 0.32 | 62 (14) | 5971 (3993, 8929) | 0.46 | 161 (12) | 11152 (8683, 14324) | 0.14 | 0.04 |
| ptrendb | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.06 | ||||||
| ptrendc | 0.11 | 0.78 | 0.06 | 0.03 | ||||||
| Parity | ||||||||||
| Nulliparous | 202 (11) | 7725 (6268, 9521) | Ref. | 48 (11) | 5577 (3689, 8432) | Ref. | 152 (12) | 8511 (6642, 10905) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Parous | 1579 (89) | 8339 (7742, 8982) | 0.50 | 406 (89) | 7366 (6425, 8445) | 0.22 | 1162 (88) | 8781 (8032, 9598) | 0.82 | 0.36 |
| 1 child | 277 (16) | 8308 (6938, 9948) | Ref. | 74 (17) | 6452 (4630, 8993) | Ref. | 200 (15) | 9197 (7396, 11438) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 2 children | 730 (42) | 7960 (7128, 8891) | 0.69 | 215 (50) | 8085 (6666, 9805) | 0.33 | 512 (40) | 7959 (6948, 9118) | 0.29 | 0.13 |
| 3 children | 348 (20) | 9728 (8297, 11406) | 0.19 | 75 (17) | 7237 (5212, 10049) | 0.77 | 270 (21) | 10523 (8741, 12669) | 0.34 | 0.98 |
| 4+ children | 180 (10) | 8346 (6636, 10496) | 0.92 | 22 (5) | 9049 (4872, 16805) | 0.36 | 157 (12) | 8508 (6612, 10949) | 0.66 | 0.27 |
| ptrendb | 0.22 | 0.13 | 0.52 | 0.65 | ||||||
| ptrendc | 0.31 | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.31 | ||||||
| Age at first birth (years) | ||||||||||
| <20 | 120 (8) | 8234 (6247, 10852) | Ref. | 28 (7) | 7934 (4573, 13765) | Ref. | 90 (8) | 8148 (5870, 11311) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 20–24 | 683 (43) | 7931 (7075, 8890) | 0.81 | 179 (44) | 7221 (5842, 8925) | 0.76 | 500 (43) | 8281 (7222, 9496) | 0.93 | 0.67 |
| 25–29 | 543 (34) | 8784 (7726, 9987) | 0.68 | 140 (34) | 8352 (6559, 10636) | 0.87 | 399 (34) | 8958 (7679, 10450) | 0.61 | 0.85 |
| ≥30 | 228 (14) | 8460 (6934, 10321) | 0.88 | 59 (15) | 5274 (3605, 7717) | 0.23 | 168 (15) | 10080 (7951, 12779) | 0.31 | 0.11 |
| ptrend | 0.48 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.11 | ||||||
| Age at last birth (years) | ||||||||||
| <25 | 217 (14) | 7313 (5962, 8971) | Ref. | 64 (17) | 7442 (5181, 10688) | Ref. | 150 (13) | 7319 (5693, 9409) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 25–29 | 532 (35) | 8166 (7173, 9297) | 0.37 | 137 (35) | 8639 (6762, 11038) | 0.51 | 394 (35) | 7906 (6770, 9233) | 0.61 | 0.63 |
| 30–34 | 508 (33) | 8552 (7492, 9763) | 0.21 | 133 (34) | 5933 (4646, 7577) | 0.31 | 369 (33) | 9820 (8372, 11518) | 0.05 | 0.07 |
| ≥35 | 273 (18) | 9682 (8058, 11633) | 0.05 | 52 (13) | 9787 (6576, 14566) | 0.32 | 221 (19) | 9844 (7982, 12140) | 0.08 | 0.87 |
| ptrend | 0.05 | 0.86 | 0.02 | 0.13 | ||||||
| Years since last birth | ||||||||||
| <21 | 404 (26) | 8859 (7284, 10776) | Ref. | 266 (69) | 7034 (5863, 8439) | Ref. | 133 (12) | 10008 (7451, 13440) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 21–27 | 395 (26) | 9545 (8194, 11118) | 0.54 | 95 (25) | 8395 (6131, 11496) | 0.37 | 297 (26) | 10571 (8766, 12747) | 0.74 | 0.62 |
| 28–32 | 349 (23) | 8407 (7130, 9912) | 0.71 | 22 (6) | 12239 (6458, 23194) | 0.11 | 325 (29) | 8632 (7286, 10225) | 0.39 | 0.11 |
| >32 | 382 (25) | 7004 (5759, 8518) | 0.16 | 3 (1) | 2878 (523, 15829) | 0.31 | 379 (33) | 7318 (6074, 8817) | 0.11 | 0.26 |
| ptrend | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.04 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Ovulatory cyclesd | ||||||||||
| <= 368 | 380 (25) | 8477 (7254, 9905) | Ref. | 143 (34) | 9521 (6598, 13739) | Ref. | 236 (22) | 8860 (7260, 10811) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 369–414 | 385 (25) | 8147 (7006, 9474) | 0.72 | 120 (29) | 9585 (7328, 12538) | 0.98 | 262 (24) | 7540 (6251, 9095) | 0.25 | 0.04 |
| 415–450 | 363 (24) | 8097 (6929, 9460) | 0.69 | 80 (19) | 4569 (3161, 6605) | 0.02 | 279 (25) | 9236 (7701, 11077) | 0.76 | 0.28 |
| > 450 | 395 (26) | 7839 (6740, 9117) | 0.49 | 73 (18) | 4820 (3018, 7696) | 0.07 | 318 (29) | 8468 (7138, 10046) | 0.74 | 0.94 |
| ptrend | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.85 | 0.72 | ||||||
| Age at menopause (years) | ||||||||||
| ≤ 46 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 303 (27) | 7982 (6676, 9542) | Ref. | |
| 47 – 49 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 236 (21) | 9052 (7417, 11048) | 0.36 | |
| 50 – 51 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 235 (21) | 9521 (7794, 11631) | 0.20 | |
| 52 – 53 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 182 (16) | 7948 (6334, 9972) | 0.98 | |
| > 53 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 170 (15) | 9450 (7441, 12000) | 0.27 | |
| ptrend | 0.37 | |||||||||
| Type of HRT | ||||||||||
| Never used HRT | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 778 (75) | 7931 (6792, 9260) | Ref. | |
| Estrogen alone | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 81 (8) | 13562 (8121, 22648) | 0.18 | |
| Estrogen + Progestin | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 177 (17) | 9304 (6256, 13836) | 0.82 | |
a
Geometric means adjusted for matching factors, including study center (grouped by country), age at blood draw, fasting status, date and time of blood draw, menopausal status at blood draw, menstrual cycle phase for premenopausal women at blood draw, OC/HRT use at blood draw, length of follow up. HRT use adjusted for hysterectomy. Age at menarche, OC use, parity, ovulatory cycles, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, menopausal status, age at menopause, and HRT use additionally adjusted for BMI and smoking status.
b
Trend including nulliparous women and those who never used oral contraceptives.
c
Trend among parous women and OC users.
d
Time between menarche and menopause with time subtracted for oral contraceptive use, pregnancy and breastfeeding; categories based on quartile cutpoints