A: maternal body mass, B: maternal total body fat mass by Echo-MRI, and C: maternal visceral white adipose tissue mass isolated from the retroperitoneum and around the kidneys at the end of pregnancy in melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) wild type (WT) and deficient (MC4R-def) rats under normal pregnant or reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) conditions. Normal pregnant: WT, N = 16 and MC4R-def, N = 19. RUPP: WT, N = 13 and MC4R-def, N = 15. *P < 0.05 vs. normal pregnant counterparts, †P < 0.05 for MC4R-def vs. WT strain effect.